A

24-hour Controlled Access
24-hour Controlled Access in a facility provides control of all points of entry/exit 24-hrs a day for the security of the residents.

AARP (American Association of Retired Persons)
AARP (American Association of Retired Persons) is a nonprofit, nonpartisan membership organization for those aged 50 and older. AARP provides information, benefits, advocacy and services for its members.

Abuse and Neglect
Abuse, Neglect and Exploitation are the infliction of injury, unreasonable confinement, intimidation, or cruel punishment resulting in physical harm, pain, or mental anguish, or deprivation by a person (including a caregiver), of goods or services that are necessary to avoid physical harm, mental anguish, or mental illness.” You should report abuse to organizations who provide services designed to protect older persons from neglect, exploitation (including financial exploitation), or abuse.

Accessibility
Accessibility describes a space designed to provide the greatest amount of use by an individual with a disability.

Accreditation
Accreditation is a seal of approval given by an autonomous governing body to a community or service provider. To become accredited, the provider must meet specific requirements set by the accreditation entity and is then generally required to undergo a thorough review process by a team of evaluators to ensure certain standards of quality. The independent accrediting organizations are not government agencies or regulatory bodies. Some examples of accreditation bodies for the senior housing and care industry include CARF (Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities), CCAC (Continuing Care Accreditation Commission), and JCAHO (Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations).
Active Retirement Developments or Active Adult Communities
Active Retirement Developments or Active Adult Communities are for-sale single-family homes, townhomes, cluster homes, mobile homes and condominiums with no specialized services, restricted to adults 55 and older. Residents generally lead an independent lifestyle; units offer low maintenance, but are not equipped to provide increased care as the individual ages. Communities may include amenities such as clubhouse, golf course and recreational spaces. Outdoor maintenance is normally included in the monthly homeowner’s association or condominium fee.

Activities of Daily Living (ADL)
Activities of Daily Living (ADL) are physical daily functions of self care, including bathing, grooming, dressing, toileting, eating, and transferring in and out of beds and chairs. An aide may be needed to assist with ADLs, but these costs are not usually covered by Medicare.

Activity Director or Life Enrichment Coordinator
Activity Director or Life Enrichment Coordinator is the person responsible for planning or coordinating: outings, entertainment, group events, art projects and other activities. Such activities help residents of a long-term care facility stay active, alert and sociable.

Acute Care Facilities
Acute Care Facilities provide short-term care and rehab for illness and disability; typically in a medical setting such as a hospital, intensive care unit, nursing home or emergency department. Treatments can be provided in an outpatient or inpatient setting.

Acute Pain
Acute Pain is pain that has a known cause and occurs for a limited time. Acute pain usually responds to treatment with analgesic medications and treatment of the cause of the pain.

ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act)
ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act) was passed by Congress in 1980, this law establishes a clear and comprehensive prohibition of discrimination on the basis of disability.

Adaptability
Use and design of space that addresses the problems of physical changes over a period of time, allowing for ease of adaptability as needed.

Adaptive or Assistive Equipment
Adaptive or Assistive Equipment is an appliance or device which assists an individual in caring for themselves, performing work or other activities. Equipment may be specialized to meet the need of a physical disability, and can help individuals lead independent lives.

Adaptive technology
Adaptive Technology for computer equipment provides options to individuals for their eye, hand and motor skills, low vision and other physical abilities. Resources include large print keyboards, modified mouse, screen modifications and more.

Administration on Aging (AoA)
Administration on Aging (AoA) is an agency of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services that administers the Older Americans Act. AOA is an advocate agency at the federal level and provides resources and education to older Americans and their caregivers. AOA works closely with its nationwide network of State and Area Agencies on Aging (AAA).

Administrator
Administrator refers to a licensed professional who manages the day-to-day operations of a care facility such as a nursing home, hospital, or assisted living facility. Sometimes this position may also be referred to as an Executive Director, Community Manager, or similar.

Adult Care Home or Adult Foster Care
Adult Care Home or Adult Foster Care is a facility that provides a more private, home-like setting, typically in a residential neighborhood and serves a small number of residents. The caregiver may perform several functions, such as personal care, housekeeping and activities. Group meals are served and help is given with ADLs. Usually housekeeping and laundry is taken care of and some activities are provided. Amenities and nursing services vary widely in these facilities, so it’s best to check each location for specifics. (Also called Group Home, Personal Care Home, Board and Care Home, Residential Care Facility and Adult Foster Care.)

Adult Day Care Programs or Adult Day Health Care
Adult Day Care Programs or Adult Day Health Care offer a protective setting for those who cannot be left alone due to health care and social needs. The structured program offers: socialization, planned activities, companionship and meals. There are two types of Adult Day Care: Non-Medical Day Care provides daytime respite for the caregiver who typically works, needs time for other responsibilities, to simply to take a break. These programs can be full or partial day and are available on daily or weekly basis. Some programs are designed for older adults with dementia and/or physical limitations. Programs may be located at churches, senior centers or senior housing communities. Medical or “Healthcare” programs provide the additional health-related services of on-site nurses, therapists, social workers and other health professionals. Services are in accord with a comprehensive assessment of care needs and individualized health care plan. Programs through senior housing communities that are listed on this website must accept non-residents to be included.

Adult Day Treatment
Adult Day Treatment is an intense counseling services provided in a partial-hospitalization setting.

Adult Education or Continuing Education
Adult Education or Continuing Education is for adult learners, and is not normally considered to include basic instruction, but rather a continuation or exploration of interest or expertise, providing formal or informal opportunities for individuals to acquire knowledge, experiences, or skills. Education can be offered in a conference setting, University or community college, public library, health fair, hospital, an individual’s home or other formal or informal setting. Topics may be relevant to older adults or their caregivers.

Adult Protective Services (APS)
Adult Protective Services is the agency where professionals investigate allegations of suspected dependent adult abuse, and handles allegations of suspected dependent adult abuse in both the community settings of Long Term Care (LTC) facilities and hospitals, as well as, private homes. APS is typically under the Department of Human Services (DHS) Services

Advance Directive
Advance Directive is a written legal document, also referred to as a medical directive, that documents an individual’s preferences regarding the manner in which they would like to receive health care or refuse medical care, in the event they can no longer communicate such wishes directly. Advance directives include: a living will that explains your wishes about medical treatments at the end of life and a health-care power of attorney that lets you choose someone to make medical decisions for you

Advanced Planning
Advanced Planning includes companies that specialize in advance planning of burial services including traditional cemetery plots, casket burials and cremation alternatives. In this website, this topic also includes links to living wills and medical durable power of attorney.

Advantage List
Advantage List is a list of health service providers who agree to give a particular insurance company’s policyholders a pre-set discount.

Advocacy
Advocacy Programs seek to influence legislative or regulatory actions to benefit specific interest groups. Advocacy may be pro-active in nature, such as when professionals or citizens groups work with legislators or public officials to ensure that the rights and needs of older persons are considered when developing laws and public programs.

Advocate
Advocate is a person who secures, researches, or works for the rights or benefits of another or to resolve complaints or problems on behalf of an older. Advocacy does not include services provided by an attorney or work under the supervision of an attorney.

Age Restricted Communities
Age Restricted Communities are housing areas or developments that restricts ownership or residency to individuals who are over a set age. These communities are set up to accommodate older adults.

Aging in Place
Aging in Place is a concept designed to allow an individual to remain in their home and the community regardless of cognitive or functional impairments.

Allodynia
Allodynia is pain caused by an abnormal source that does not normally cause pain (such as clothing touching the skin).

Allowable cost
Allowable cost is the highest fee the state will pay for people on Medicaid. Other insurance plans may also set allowable costs for the services they cover.

Alternative Therapies
Alternative Therapies may be an alternative to traditional western medicine and/or complementary therapies. Examples include, but are not limited to: massage therapy, reflexology, reiki, healing touch, acupuncture, etc.

Alzheimer’s Disease
One of the most common of dementia disorders, it is a progressive, degenerative disease that attacks the brain and results in impaired memory, thinking, and behavior. Gradual memory loss, lessening ability to perform routine tasks, disorientation in time and space, and personality change are a few of the symptoms. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia. Over months or years, this disease cripples the brain’s nerve cells. Alzheimer’s disease destroys memory and learning. Advanced stages of this disease generally require 24-hour care. The disease was first described in 1906 by German physician Dr. Alois Alzheimer (pronounced AHLZ-hi-merz).

Ambulatory Aids
Ambulatory Aids are devices that help individuals move safely and independently. These include walkers, crutches, canes, scooters and wheelchairs. See also (Mobility Equipment)

Ambulatory Care
Ambulatory Care is Health service provided in an outpatient setting and do not require an overnight hospital stay.

Ambulatory
Ambulatory refers to the ability to walk freely & independently; not confided to a bed or wheelchair.

American Association of Retired Persons (AARP)
American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) is a nonprofit, nonpartisan membership organization for those aged 50 and older. AARP provides information, benefits, advocacy and services for its members.

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) was passed by Congress in 1980, this law establishes a clear and comprehensive prohibition of discrimination on the basis of disability.

Analgesic Medications
Analgesic Medications are those used to prevent or treat pain.

Annual Enrollment Period
Annual Enrollment Period is the period each year that you can enroll in or change to another drug or health plan.

Antidepressant
Antidepressant Medications are used to treat depression, and also used to treat chronic pain. Antidepressants may also be helpful for pain-related symptoms, like sleep problems and muscle spasms.

Anxiolytics or Anti-Anxiety
Anxiolytics or Anti-Anxiety Medications are used to treat anxiety, and also used to treat chronic pain. Anxiolytics reduce pain-related anxiety, help relax muscles and can help a person cope with pain.

Apartment
Apartment is a living space designed for use as a residence and located within a building where there is more than one unit. Apartments can range from Efficiency, Studio, 1-bedroom, 2-bedromm, 3-bedroom and larger. The number of bathrooms can also vary along with apartment amenities. They do not provide assistance with the activities of daily living and may or may not be subsidized.

Apparel
Apparel includes clothing, accessories, and shoes and may include resources for adaptable clothing or dressing aids.

Aquatic Classes & Therapies
Aquatic Classes & Therapy consists of an exercise program that is performed in the water using the resistance of water instead of weights.

Arbitration and Mediation
Arbitration and Mediation is the intervention between parties to help them reconcile differences, find compromises, or reach mutually satisfactory agreements.

Area Agency on Aging (AAAs)
Area Agencies on Aging are local government agencies that provide or coordinate home based services, advocacy , including information and referral, benefits counseling, home-delivered meals, transportation, employment services, senior centers, adult day care, and a long-term care ombudsman program, and other resources for older adults and people with disabilities, and their families. The Area Agency on Aging was established under the Older Americans Act (OAA) in 1973 to respond to the needs of Americans age 60 and over in every local community in the United States. The states have multiple agencies statewide that provide local and national information and referrals for programs and services needed by older adults. AAAs serve as portals to care, assessing needs, determining eligibility for assistance, purchasing home health and other services for income eligible seniors, and developing programs to respond to new needs as they arise.

Assessment
Assessment is a tool to describe an individual’s physical and cognitive functions to determine if he or she can still complete activities of daily living. An assessment of mental status is a test of a person’s ability to think, feel and react to others. An assessment may occur before admission to a facility and often repeated regularly afterwards; and takes the large view of a patient’s conditions and needs. Assessments are performed by geriatric physicians, care managers, social workers or other similar professional.

Assisted Living (AL) (ALF)
Assisted Living Communities are State-regulated (regulations vary among states) rental properties that provide an independent living environment, but also provide care yo those needing assistance with activities of daily living including management of medications, bathing, dressing, toileting and eating, residents require less assistance than that at a skilled nursing facility. The fee schedule is regular monthly rent along with additional fees for specific services and Medicare does not generally cover care in these facilities. The community may be a large location or a small personal residence converted into an AL residence; many have private living space and a kitchenette. Some of these facilities do provide specific care for Alzheimer’s Disease.

Assistive Products
Assistive products are devices, items and/or technology that aid persons with activities of daily living so they can be more independent. An assistive device may include eyeglasses, a cane, a wheelchair or a hearing aid, but may also be jar openers, show horns, walk in showers, etc…

Associations for Specific Condition
Associations for Specific Conditions are organizations that provide information and resources about medical conditions, such as: Alzheimer’s, Cancer, and similar.

At Home Care & Services
At Home Care & Services are services that assist individuals to remain in their homes or assist families in caring for elders living with them. Services can include Companion Care, Emergency Response Systems, Errand & Shopping Services, House Cleaning, Medication Reminders, Personalized Visitation.

Attorneys & Elder Law
Attorneys & Elder are law firms specialize in legal issues affecting older adults and disabled; including probate and estate planning, guardianship, long-term care planning, estate planning, wills, and counsels clients about planning for the future with alternative decision-making documents. The attorney can also assist the client in planning for possible long-term care needs, including nursing home care. Not all attorneys specialize in elder law. Your local bar association or the National Academy of Elder Law Attorneys and your local chapter can refer you to elder law attorneys in your area.

Audiologist
Audiologist is a health professional who specializes in hearing measurement and hearing loss or impairment correction. Issues may include: hearing loss, tinnitus , and lack of balance. Audiologists provide hearing aids and other listening devices.

B

Balance Billing
Balance Billing is a term which refers to health care providers charging patients for amounts above the Medicare-approved charge. In some states, including Connecticut, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island and Vermont, balance billing is illegal.

Bed hold
Bed hold is the attempt to reserve or hold a nursing home bed if a resident is temporarily hospitalized. Medicare does not pay to hold a bed.

Bed-bound or Bed-fast
Bed-bound or bed-fast refers to a person cannot walk or get out of bed without help from another person or a mechanical lift.

Bereavement
Bereavement is the act of grieving following a death or loss.

Bingo Halls
Bingo Halls are venues where individuals gather to play a game of chance in which randomly selected numbers are drawn and players match the numbers to their cards.

Brown Bag Program
Brown Bag Program is a state-funded program that provides surplus and donated edible fruits, vegetables and other food products to low income individuals 60 years of age and older (not available in all states).

C

Cancer
Cancer is a disease that develops when cells in the body grow out of control. Normal cells grow, divide and die. Instead of dying, cancer cells continue to grow and form new abnormal cells. Cancer cells often travel to other body parts where they grow and replace normal tissue. This process, called metastasis, occurs as the cancer cells get into the bloodstream or lymph vessels. Cancer cells develop because of damage to DNA. DNA is in every cell and directs all its activities. When DNA becomes damaged the body is able to repair it. In cancer cells, the damage is not repaired. People can inherit damaged DNA, which accounts for inherited cancers. Many times, DNA becomes damaged by exposure to something in the environment.

Capitation
Capitation is a method of compensation for health care services under which doctors and other providers are paid a fixed monthly fee for each HMO member under their care, rather than for each service or treatment they perform.

Care Conferences
Care Conferences are meetings held routinely or on an as-needed basis, in Long Term Care Communities with staff, family or resident. The agenda includes discussing a resident’s health, medications and activities. The care conference is a good place to meet staff members, ask questions and raise concerns.

Care Management (Case Manager, Geriatric Care Manager)
Care Management services are provided by agencies and individuals who offer guidance, assessment, planning, monitoring and coordination of appropriate social and medical services for those that are not able to fully care for themselves. Services can include the selection of appropriate at-home services or help with finding a senior housing community for the older adult to reside. Care Managers are also available for a crisis situation where there is a traumatic health event. Care Managers are particularly helpful family support is long distance or unavailable. Some non-profits offer care manager services on a sliding scale and note that faith-based non-profit care management groups serve all faiths. The National Association of Professional Geriatric Care Managers specifies that a care manager should have “a graduate degree in the field of human services or a substantial equivalent,” and be certified or licensed at the independent practice level of his or her state.”

Care Plan or Service Plan
Care Plans are required in nursing homes and assisted living facilities and are detailed plans for the care of each resident, including personal care needs.

Caregiver Education
Caregiver Education is formal or informal opportunities for caregivers to acquire knowledge, experience, or skills related to the care of others. Education can be offered in a conference setting or through the Internet. Topics must be relevant to caregivers, examples may be: dealing with stress, personal care needs, managing behaviors, sensitivity training, or other related topics.

Caregiver Programs
Caregiver Programs are support for caregivers by education, resources, information or support group.

Caregiver Support Groups
Caregiver Support Groups provide an opportunity to share experience, knowledge and coping skills that enhance the health, happiness, knowledge and comfort of caregivers (family members or friends) who are helping or caring for another. Support group meetings may or may not be facilitated by a professional.

Caregiver
Caregiver is a broad term referring to an individual who provides care for another individual unable to care for himself due to a disability or limitation. This individual could provide nonmedical care such as help with bathing or eating or could provide medically necessary care such as changing dressings. The care may be provided informally by a relative, friend or neighbor or by a paid individual who may or may not be a licensed professional.

Caregiving & Support
Caregiving and Support on this website provides information for those caring for older adults and offer resources and support for managing the stress and the physical burdens of being a caregiver. Resources can include Respite Care to give the caregiver a break from the duties of caregiving and care managers to relieve some of the burden of planning and implementing care for older adults.

Caregiving
Caregiving refers to services provided to individuals who are unable to fully care for themselves due to a disability or functional limitation. These services can be provided informally by a family member or friend or more formally by a paid professional such as a home health aide, nurse or therapist.

Casinos & Gaming
Casinos are facilities that accommodate gambling activities, some casinos are known for hosting live entertainment events, such as concerts and sporting events.

Catheter
Catheter is a hollow flexible tube for insertion into the body to allow the passage of fluids or expand a passageway. Uses include: the drainage of urine from the bladder through the urethra or insertion through a blood vessel into the heart for diagnostic purposes.

Causalgia
Causalgia is pain, sometimes burning, associated with change in color of the skin, change in temperature, change in sweating, or swelling. Causalgia usually occurs after a nerve injury.

CCRCs (Continuing Care Retirement Communities)
CCRCs (Continuing Care Retirement Communities) are age-restricted properties that include a a continuum of care from independent living, assisted living and skilled nursing services all on one campus. The facilities allow individuals to live within the same community as their needs progress through the spectrum of care. They typically offer the full selection of amenities associated with retirement living. A large endowment fee in addition to a monthly maintenance fee can be expected. (Also called Life-Care Facility and Life-Care Community)

Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), formerly the U.S. Health Care Financing Administration, CMS is the part of the Department of Health and Human Services that finances and administers the Medicare and works with states to administer Medicaid programs. Among other responsibilities, CMS establishes standards for the operation of nursing facilities that receive funds under the Medicare or Medicaid programs.

Central Nervous System
Central Nervous System includes the brain and the spinal cord.

Certificate of Medical Necessity
Certificate of Medical Necessity is a document completed and signed by a physician to certify a patient’s need for certain types of medical equipment or care (i.e. wheelchairs, walkers, etc.).

Certified Elder Law Attorney (CELA)
Certified Elder Law Attorney (CELA) is a lawyer certified in the area of law pertaining to the rights and legal matters concerning older adults. This includes such subjects as estate planning, wills, guardianship, powers of attorney, Medicare & Medicaid. An elder law attorney handles general estate planning issues and counsels clients about planning for the future with alternative decision-making documents. Not all attorneys specialize in elder law. Your local bar association or the National Academy of Elder Law Attorneys and your local chapter can refer you to elder law attorneys in your area. See also (Elder Law)

Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) or Certified Nurse Aide (CNA)
Certified Nursing Assistants provide personal care to residents or patients, such as bathing, dressing, changing linens, transporting and other essential activities. CNAs are trained, tested, certified and work under the supervision of an RN or LPN. Typically found in hospital, home care, or housing communities.

Certified Senior Advisors (CSAs)
Financial-oriented advisors relating specifically to senior issues, typically in the areas of insurance, financial concerns, real estate, etc. Certification comes from additional training focusing on issues from the senior perspective.

Chaplain
Chaplains offer spiritual counseling. Many organizations will have a chaplain on staff, such as hospice, hospital.

Charge Nurse
Charge Nurse is an RN (Registered Nurse) or LPN (Licensed Practical Nurse) responsible for the supervision of a unit within a nursing facility or hospital unit. The charge nurse schedules and supervises the nursing staff and provides care to facility residents. The charge nurse’s shift usually lasts eight or twelve hours. On each shift, day or night, a charge nurse should be available.

Charitable Giving
Charitable Giving on this website, includes nonprofit organizations along with descriptions of the services they offer and suggestions of how individuals can help.

Chiropractic Care
Chiropractic Care is an alternative medicine that involves the manipulation and/or stretching of muscles and/or joints along with other treatments such as heat, ice packs, ultrasound and other methods.

Chore Services
Chore Services is assistance with heavy housework, yard work, or sidewalk maintenance. (i.e. shoveling snow, lawn mowing, lawn raking, etc.)

Chronic Disease
Chronic Disease is a disease or condition that lasts over a long period of time and typically cannot be cured, often associated with a disability.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a group of chronic respiratory disorders characterized by the restricted flow of air into and out of the lungs. Disorders include asthma, bronchitis, emphysema and bronchiectasis.

Chronic Pain
Chronic Pain is pain that occurs for more than one month after healing of an injury, pain that occurs repeatedly over months, or is due to a lesion that is not expected to heal.

Clinical Trials
Clinical Trials are carefully planned and monitored experiments to test a new drug or treatment. See also (Medical & Drug Trials)

Cognition
Cognition is the mental processes of recognizing, learning, understanding, remembering and evaluating information.

Cognitive Impairment
Cognitive Impairment is a diminished mental capacity, such as difficulty with short-term memory or dementia.

Coinsurance
Coinsurance is a portion of a prescription’s cost that you pay out of your pocket. The amount is a percentage of the price of the drug.

Colostomy
Colostomy is a removable, disposable bag that attaches to the exterior opening of a colostomy (stoma) to permit sanitary collection and disposal of bodily waste.

Community Resources
Community Resources on this website contains information an older adult would need in a local community such as county health departments, motor vehicle licensing, disability programs, elder abuse and Ombudsman contacts, resources for low income older adults, senior organizations, transportation, tax credit information, employment, volunteer opportunities and much more.

Community Spouse’s Resource Allowance (CSRA)
Community Spouse’s Resource Allowance (CSRA) is the amount of resources that states must allow for protection for the spouse of an institutionalized person seeking Medicaid coverage.

Co-morbidities
Co-morbidities are multiple conditions or diseases occurring in the body simultaneously.

Companion Care
Companion Care is in-home support service provided by a caregiver or sitter to assist an older adult with personal care or errands, allowing the client to remain at home. Services can be provided on a daily, weekly or 24/7 regular schedule and are non-medical services such as meal preparation, errands, social contact, personal care and light housekeeping. This service is also known as “Personal Assistance” and is licensed by some states. Some Agencies may staff bonded caregivers and conduct background checks. Companion Care services can also be arranged for visiting an older adult residing in senior housing community.

Companionship or Sitter Service
Companionship services offer visitation to older adults for conversation, reading and light errands for the purpose of relieving loneliness and providing social contact.

Complementary Medicine
Complementary Medicine is similar to an “Alternative” or “Holistic” approach to medical treatment that is outside of mainstream medical training. Complementary medicine treatments may include: acupuncture, low-level laser therapy, meditation, aroma therapy, Chinese medicine, dance therapy, music therapy, massage, therapeutic touch, yoga, osteopathy, naturopathy, and homeopathy.

Compression Stockings
Compression Stockings are special hosiery which prevent swelling, provide comfort and promote circulation of blood in the feet and legs in order to reduce the incidence problems associated with poor circulation.

Computed Tomography (CT/CAT) Scan
Computed Tomography (CT/CAT) Scan is a painless technique used to produce a picture of a cross-section of a part of the body. X-rays are used to produce this picture.

Computer Classes
Computer Classes include: basic computer use, specific programs, or surfing the Internet; classes may be offered senior centers, colleges, or on the World Wide Web.

Concierge Service
Concierge Service is similar to that found in a hotel. A concierge will typically run errands, schedule transportation, help out with activities, etc.

Conditions & Treatments
Conditions & Treatments on this website, include information and resources about symptoms, care options, education, treatments and care related to specific conditions.

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a type of heart disease characterized by poor pumping action of the heart; causing inadequate circulation of blood due to lack of strength or other factors.

Congregate Housing
Retirement hotels, inns, boarding homes and other similar rental residential facilities where individuals can live independently in their unit, but share common areas, social activities and amenities and eat most meals in a communal dining area.

Congregate Meals
Congregate Meals are served in a group setting at facilities such as senior centers or housing communities to promote health and social interaction.

Conservator or Guardian
Conservator or Guardian services are generally provided by a person of trust who petitions the court or is appointed by the court to protect the legal rights of another person who can no longer manage his or her own affairs. A Conservator is responsible for the financial protection of their assets. A guardian in general is responsible for the physical well being of a person; this impacts the subject’s rights and as such is usually used as a last approach. A guardian and conservator may be the same person but do not have to be the same and both positions may also be filled by an institution, both require a court order.

Constipation
Constipation is difficulty having a bowel movement.

Consumer Affairs
Consumer Affairs includes government and non-profit organizations that provide information that protects the rights of consumers.

Consumer Protection Services
Services designed to protect individuals, groups, and organizations from any type of fraudulent, deceitful, or unfair transaction or trade practice. (i.e. mail solicitation, phone solicitation, identity theft, etc.) Consumer Protection Services can also be those designed to educate the public about the dangers of fraud, phone solicitation, identity theft, product safety, etc.

Continence
Continence is the ability to control bladder and bowel functions.

Continuing Care Retirement Communities (CCRCs)
Continuing Care Retirement Communities (CCRCs) are age-restricted properties that include a a continuum of care from independent living, assisted living and skilled nursing services all on one campus. The facilities allow individuals to live within the same community as their needs progress through the spectrum of care. They typically offer the full selection of amenities associated with retirement living. A large endowment fee in addition to a monthly maintenance fee can be expected. (Also called Life-Care Facility and Life-Care Community)

Continuing Education or Adult Education
Continuing Education or Adult Education is for adult learners, and is not normally considered to include basic instruction, but rather a continuation or exploration of interest or expertise, providing formal or informal opportunities for individuals to acquire knowledge, experiences, or skills. Education can be offered in a conference setting, University or community college, public library, health fair, hospital, an individual’s home or other formal or informal setting. Topics may be relevant to older adults or their caregivers.

Continuum of Care
Care services available to assist individuals throughout the course of a disease. This may include Independent Living, Assisted Living, Nursing Care, Home Health, Home Care and Home and Community Based Services.

Contractures
Contractures are the shortenings of the tendons and muscles and can make the knees, arms, hands or feet curl up. Physical therapy can sometimes prevent or treat this condition. But contractures following a stroke or dementia may be permanent.

Convalescent Home
State-licensed facilities that provide a safe, therapeutic environment for individuals who require rehabilitative care or can no longer live independently due to functional or cognitive impairment. Also known as skilled nursing facilities or nursing homes.

Co-payment
Co-payment is the portion of a medical expense that is the member’s financial responsibility. A part of a physician visit, hospital visit, or prescription’s cost that you pay out of your pocket; typically it is a fixed amount.

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)is a form of heart disease characterized by narrowing of the arteries that carry blood to the heart muscle preventing an adequate flow of blood and interrupting the supply of oxygen and other nutrients that the heart needs to function.

Counseling
Counseling services are provided by trained mental health care providers such as family therapists, social workers, psychologist, psychiatrists and other professionals. Typically there is an assessment and then a treatment plan is suggested. A Counselor may advise or enable an individual or family, via discussion or lending a sympathetic ear, to resolve problems (concrete or emotional) or to relieve temporary stresses encountered; including: individual, family, and group counseling.

County Health Departments
County Health Departments work to promote, protect and improve the health and well-being of the community, by maintaining good health and preventing problems that contribute to disease and injury. All state governments have County Health Departments that are part of their larger state health departments. Free or reduced cost services are available based on age and income. Services include flu shots, health screening, foot clinics, etc. Typically a County Health Department also administers the licensing of nursing homes and organizations providing medical services.

Coupons & Discounts
Coupons & Discounts on this website, include information on age related specials or discount pricing.

Coverage Gap
Coverage Gap is the stage in Medicare prescription drug coverage when you pay all of your own drug expenses.

Creditable Coverage
Creditable Coverage is health or drug coverage offered by other plans, such as a current or former employer or union, that gives you coverage at least as good as the standard Medicare prescription drug coverage.

Cremation
Cremation can be an alternative funeral rite to the burial of a body in a grave.

Crisis Intervention
Crisis Intervention is counseling or intervention used to help individuals in crisis. The goal is to promote effective coping for positive growth and change.

Cruises
Cruises are pleasure voyages, where the voyage and the ship’s amenities are part of the experience; these may be a private yacht or sailing cities with many ports of call.

Custodial care
Custodial care helps a person accomplish the activities of daily living (ADLs), such as bathing, dressing, eating, getting in and out of a bed or chair, moving around, and using the bathroom. Custodial care does not include a skilled nursing care. In most cases, Medicare doesn’t pay for custodial care.

D

Daily Living Aids
Assistive aids to help an individual in eating, dressing, bathing, grooming, moving, preparing meals, and seeing.

Dance Lessons/Ballrooms
Dance Lessons/Ballrooms are scattered over many types of venues and provide great exercise and socialization, included in this website are instruction and locations.

Dating & Relationships
Dating & Relationships includes resources and education, as well as, Internet dating allowing people to provide information, then search for others, most allow photos.

Decubitus Ulcers
Decubitus Ulcers are skin sores caused by constant pressure. (Also known as Pressure Ulcers, Pressure Sores or Bedsores)

Deductible
Deductible is the amount an insurance policyholder must pay toward covered medicine or medical treatment services before insurance payments begin. The amount is usually figured annually.

Deficiencies
Deficiencies are problems an inspector notes while visiting a nursing home, assisted living or other facility. The facility must correct any deficiencies, or be fined or given restrictions. If resolution is not received, the facility may loose their license, or be removed from Medicare or Medicaid participation.

Delirium
A state of temporary, acute mental confusion that comes on suddenly caused by a disturbance of brain function, causing confusion and changes in alertness, attention, thinking and reasoning, memory, emotions, sleeping patterns and coordination. These symptoms are due to some type of medical problem, and they may get worse or better multiple times, or may occur in persons suffering from short-term illnesses. Alcohol or drugs (including prescribed medications) also may cause confusion. Delirium may be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention.

Dementia Facilities or Memory Care
Dementia Facilities or Memory Care Facilities provide a secure setting that alerts staff if a resident has exited and a secure outdoor area; the staff receives training on Alzheimer’s and related dementia. focus care on both personal care needs, as well as, cognitive support of individuals with varying degrees of memory loss from memory impairment diseases such as Alzheimer’s. Typically, room and board, social activity, ongoing supervision are provided. Focus on retaining memory through regular stimulation activities is a standard. A secure environment equates to one that is locked to prevent wandering. Electronic surveillance or personal monitoring systems alone do not qualify as “secure environment”. (Also known as Special Care)

Dementia
Dementia is a deterioration of cognitive. The symptoms of dementia can include changes in personality, mood and behavior. The two most common forms of dementia in older people are Alzheimer’s disease and multi-infarct dementia (sometimes called vascular dementia.) These types of dementia are irreversible. Disease and injury cause irreversible dementia. But dementia caused by drugs, alcohol, hormone imbalances, vitamin deficiencies or depression may be reversible. Reversible conditions with symptoms of dementia can be caused by a high fever, dehydration, vitamin deficiency and poor nutrition, bad reactions to medicines, problems with the thyroid gland or a minor head injury. Dementia symptoms may include asking the same questions repeatedly; becoming lost in familiar places; being unable to follow directions; getting disoriented about time, people and places; and neglecting personal safety, hygiene and nutrition.

Dental Resources & Services
Dental Resources & Services are organizations that provide dental services, resources or education; some may provide services on sliding scale payment arrangements.

Dentist
Dentist is a person who cares for the teeth and gums of an individual. Medicare does not cover dental services, but Medicaid covers some dental expenses. Regular dental care is a key to staying healthy.

Department of Motor Vehicles
Department of Motor Vehicles or its equivalent oversees the state’s driving programs, safe driver education, Handicapped Accessible License Plates and other services. This department typically oversees that state’s driver license program. Note that Handicapped Accessible License Plates are generally handled under Vehicle Registration Departments and they are a different group within each state government.

Depression
Depression is a psychiatric disorder or illness that involves the body, mood and thoughts. Symptoms include sadness, inactivity, feelings of hopelessness, and sometimes suicidal tendencies. Depression affects the way a person eats and sleeps, the way one feels about oneself and the way one thinks about things. A depressive disorder is not the same as a passing negative mood. Those with depression cannot simply pull themselves out of depression and get better. Without treatment, symptoms can last for weeks, months or years. Appropriate treatment, however, can help most people who suffer from depression. Note: When dementia and depression are present together, intellectual deterioration may be exaggerated.

Developmental Disability (DD)
Developmental Disability (DD) refers to a serious and chronic disability, which is attributable to a mental or physical impairment or combination of impairments. Those affected may have limitations such as: self-care, language, learning, mobility, self-direction, economic self-sufficiency. Examples are: cerebral palsy, retardation, thyroid problems, seizures and quadriplegia.

Diabetes
Diabetes is a disease in which the pancreas produces too little insulin or the body does not properly use insulin; the result is inability to adequately metabolize sugar. Insulin is a hormone that is needed to convert sugar, starches and other food into energy needed for daily life. The cause of diabetes continues to be a mystery, although both genetics and environmental factors such as obesity and lack of exercise appear to play roles.

Diabetic Supplies
Diabetic Supplies are products, equipment, or resources needed for the care of diabetes, including test strips, glucometer, lancets, etc…

Diagnostic Related Groups (DRGs)
Diagnostic Related Groups (DRGs) are billing codes used by hospitals when billing Medicare for inpatient services. Medicare reimburses hospitals a fixed amount based on the DRG code assigned to the patient based upon diagnosis.

Dialysis
Dialysis is a treatment to clean individual’s blood when one or both kidneys are defective or absent, and to remove excess accumulation of drugs or chemicals in the blood. When kidneys go below 15% of their normal function, dialysis or kidney transplant is necessary to remove waste and fluid from the body.

Diet & Meal Preparation
Diet & Meal Preparation can include advice, education or meal preparation from a registered dietician, personal chef; meals may be prepared in your home or delivered.

Dietician
Dieticians make sure that a meals are healthy and nutritious. Most Hospitals, Nursing Homes or Assisted Livings will have a Dietician on staff or as a counsultant.

Dining
Dining links on the Internet offer a wonderful way to preselect and preview restaurants and even look for meal discount.

Director of Nursing (DON)
Director of Nursing (DON) oversees all nursing staff in a nursing home and is responsible for formulating nursing policies and monitoring the quality of care delivered, as well as the facility’s compliance with federal and state regulations pertaining to nursing care.

Disability Insurance
Disability Insurance is a type of insurance coverage that compensates a percentage of a worker’s wages should they be ill or injured and unable to work.

Disability Programs
Disability Programs exist at the National, State and Local level and can provide services such as financial support, health care coverage, transportation and other supportive services to eligible individuals with disabilities.

Disability Referrals
Disability Referrals include Information and Assistance provided for individuals with disabilities (i.e. physical, cognitive, etc.) and their caregivers regardless of age or type of disability.

Discharge Planner
Discharge Planner is a social worker or nurse who assists a patient with health care arrangements following a hospital stay.

Discharge Planning
Discharge Planning is usually performed by a social worker, for the patient who is about to be discharged from a hospital or nursing home, to facilitate a smooth transition from one level of care to another.

Discharge
Discharge is the release of an individual from a hospital or other facility such as a nursing home. The attending doctor must give an order for the discharge.

Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order
Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) orders instruct a health care facility or doctor not to revive a patient whose heart and breathing has stopped using cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) or other related treatments. Many states have standardized DNR forms and many require a Physician signature and the signature of the individual or Power of Attorney. Usually, DNR orders are written after a discussion between a doctor and the patient and/or family members. DNR orders are written for people who are very unlikely to have a successful result from CPR, such as those who are terminally ill or those who are very elderly and frail.

Dual Eligibility
Dual Eligibility is someone who is qualified for both Medicaid and Medicare.

Durable Medical Equipment (DME)
Durable Medical Equipment (DME)is reusable medical equipment prescribed by a doctor for use by a patient at home These reusable items include such things as hospital beds, lifts, wheelchairs, and oxygen equipment.

Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care (DPOAHC)
Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care (DPOAHC) is a legal document that specifies one or more individuals (called a health care proxy or attorney-in-fact) to act on your behalf for medical decisions in the event you are unable to do so yourself. See also (Power of Attorney and Advanced Directives)

Dysphagia
Dysphagia is a swallowing disorder in which individuals experience difficulty in oral preparation for swallowing. The person has difficulty moving material from the mouth to stomach.

Dyspnea
Dyspnea is difficulty in breathing.

E

Efficiency Unit
Efficiency Unit is a smaller unit than a standard studio that has a combined living and sleeping area.

E-gifts
E-gifts are electronic commerce shopping sites that offer the ability to purchase goods on the internet.

Elder Abuse or Neglect
Elder Abuse or Neglect is intentional action to inflict harm or lack of action resulting in harm to an older adult. Elder abuse can happen in the family and home environment and in hospitals, nursing homes and other community settings. Elder Abuse can involve emotional, financial, physical and mental harm. The government and society take Elder Abuse very seriously and provide a variety of ways to report Elder Abuse. Programs designed to assist and protect older persons who are either institutionalized or reside in the community and who might be subjected to or vulnerable to abuse and neglect. Often run by state initiatives and support.

Elder Abuse Shelters
Elder Abuse Shelters are temporary housing facilities that provide a safe location for older adults who are victims of abuse, neglect or exploitation.

Elder Law
Elder Law is the area of law pertaining to the rights and legal matters concerning older adults. This includes such subjects as estate planning, wills, guardianship, powers of attorney, Medicare & Medicaid. An elder law attorney handles general estate planning issues and counsels clients about planning for the future with alternative decision-making documents. Not all attorneys specialize in elder law. Your local bar association or the National Academy of Elder Law Attorneys and your local chapter can refer you to elder law attorneys in your area. An attorney who practices in the areas of law of particular interest to older adults is sometimes referred to as a CELA (Certified Elder Law Attorney).

Elder Rights & Assistance
Elder Rights & Assistance refers to agencies and services that assist older adults who have been neglected, abused or exploited.

Eldercare
Eldercare is delivering care to an older adult that is in need of assistance.

Elderhostel
Elderhostel offers travel opportunities to active older adults that focus on education, recreation and travel opportunities worldwide.

Electronics
Electronics includes most anything you could plug in or run on batteries, including: stereos, computers, televisions, DVD players and more.

Email
Email is the electronic sending of information via the internet.

Emergency Financial Assistance
Emergency Financial Assistance is short-term financial assistance in a crisis situation. Can include paying past-due bills, responding to rent eviction notices, responding to utilities disconnect notices, etc.

Emergency Food
Emergency Food is a provision of food used during a crisis situation.

Emergency Preparedness
Emergency preparedness guidance from the US Department of Homeland Security lists and explains possible threats and recommended response. Preparedness means being ready for an emergency including hurricane, utility disruption or manmade disaster.

Emergency Response System
Emergency Response Systems (ERS) system allows a person experiencing a medical emergency at home to activate electronic components that transmit a coded signal via digital equipment over telephone lines to a central monitoring station. The system may also be connected to a smoke alarm, security system, medication reminders, etc. and allow 24-hour monitoring and response. These products can be a pendant worn by the adult or a home alarm system panel; most require monthly monitoring service. Commonly known as (Lifeline Services, Crisis Response Systems, Reassurance Assistance, and Telephone Reassurance).

Emphysema
Emphysema is marked by an abnormal accumulation of air in the lung’s many tiny air sacs, a tissue called alveoli. As air continues to collect in these sacs, they become enlarged and may break or be damaged and form scar tissue. The result is labored breathing and an increased susceptibility to infection. One of the two most common forms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which are disorders that persistently obstruct bronchial airflow in and out of the lungs; the other common COPD is bronchitis.

Employee Assistance Programs (EAP)
Employee Assistance Programs (EAP) are programs offered by some employers as non-financial benefit, usually includes counseling services, and referrals to service providers.

Employment Services
Employment Services include: opportunities for older adults to explore employment options, job training and job placement services designed specifically for older workers. Age eligibility varies from program to program.

End of Life Care
End of Life Care includes: Services to help the terminally ill and their families cope, as well as Information and Assistance provided about other issues that arise at or near the end of life. Doctors and caregivers provide care to patients approaching the end of life that is focused on comfort, respect for decisions, support for the family, and treatments to help psychological and spiritual concerns.

Energy Resources
Energy Resources provide financial assistance for public utilities and/or home weather proofing programs for individuals with limited financial income. The programs may be offer by private companies such as the local utility company, non-profit organizations and/or some religious organizations. Some programs may be sliding scale payment.

Enriched Housing or Adult Care Homes
Enriched Housing or Adult Care Homes are licensed facilities established and operated for the purpose of providing long-term residential care to five or more adults, primarily older adults, in community-integrated settings resembling independent housing units. Such programs must provide or arrange for the provision of room, board, housekeeping, personal care and supervision.

Enrichment Classes
Enrichment Classes provide in formation and education to the general public for fun, enjoyment, or personal growth.

Enrollment Area
Enrollment Area is the specific geographic area of plan coverage. This term is often used by an HMO.

Enteral Feeding
Enteral Feeding is the delivery of liquid feedings through a tube, such as an IV.

Entertainment & Recreation
Entertainment & Recreation include local attractions including natural historic areas, sports events, museums, galleries, performing arts and more.

Entitlement
Entitlement is a federal program (such as Social Security or unemployment benefits) that guarantees a certain level of benefits to those who meet requirements set by law.

EPEC (Education for Physicians on End-of-Life Care)
EPEC (Education for Physicians on End-of-Life Care) is a project designed to educate physicians across the United States about providing good end-of-life care for patients. EPEC includes a curriculum used to train doctors in clinical knowledge and skills they need to care for dying patients.

Equipment & Supplies
Equipment & Supplies include: adaptive products, diabetic supplies, medical equipment also known as home medical equipment (HME), of durable medical equipment (DME), mobility, oxygen and other general products useful to older adults or needed due to medical conditions.

Errand & Shopping Services
Errand & Shopping Services may be provided by grocery stores, online shopping services or individuals; some companion care companies also provide this service. Individuals providing these services may offer ride along services.

Estate Planning
Estate Planning is provided by Certified Financial Planners and Elder Law Attorneys and refers to the process of planning for what will happen to an individual’s assets in the event of his/her death. Services involved in Estate Planning can include Medicaid planning, financial planning, power of attorney documents, guardianship, conservatorship and other financial services needed by older adults and their families.

Estate Recovery
Estate Recovery is the attempt to recover expenses. Medicaid imposes stringent limits on the income and assets of recipients, and Federal law mandates that states attempt recovery of expenses paid on behalf of those recipients from their estates under certain circumstances.

Estate Sales
Estate Sales are typically organized by individuals or companies specializing in appraising and pricing items. Estate Sales include appraisal or pricing of items for sale, and may also include the sale of items either in a total sale, individual piece or consignment. This can be a convenient service for the family and for the older adult moving to a senior community.

Ethics
Ethics is a system of moral principles or rules used as standards for professional conduct. Many hospitals and other health care facilities have ethics committees to assist doctors, other healthcare providers, patients and family members in making difficult decisions regarding medical care.

Executor
Executor is an individual appointed to administer the terms of a will.

Exercise
Exercise is activity to promote mobility, health and flexibility.

Exit Seeking
Exit Seeking is the tendency to look for ways to exit the building that is part of the “wandering” trait associated with dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. It is important that seniors who exhibit this trait be cared for in facilities that have locked doors and, if possible, alarms on exits that will alert staff if someone exits the facility.

Extended Congregate Care License (ECC)
Extended Congregate Care License (ECC) is offered in some states as a supplementary licensing available to assisted living facilities which permits them to render a larger range of services to their residents as their level of care expands, as long as the resident does not need skilled 24-hour nursing care.

F

Faith Based Senior Groups
Faith Based Senior Groups are social, service or interested based groups organized by a particular religious denomination, who provide services in a way that reflects a commitment to religious beliefs and values.

Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)
Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) is a federal law that requires employers allow employees 12 weeks of unpaid leave during a 12 month period to care for an immediate family member or to take medical leave when the employee is unable to work because of a serious health condition.

Family Caregiver
Family Caregiver is an individual who provides care to another who is unable care for himself, due to cognitive or physical limitations. This person may be a relative, friend or neighbor and is also referred to as an informal caregiver.

Family Council or Resident Council
Family Council is a group of family members or friends of residents who meet to discuss concerns and support the staff in efforts to improve care and to make life in the facility or community the best it can be. Staff members may or may not be involved in family councils. Under the law, families of nursing home and assisted living residents have the right to meet independently as a group. An assisted living facility may have a family council or offer other means for families to discuss the facility’s care. In more independent settings, the residents themselves will comprise the Residents Council to address the same needs. See also (Resident Council)

Family Representative
Family Representative or “Family members” can include people who are important to the resident, whether or not they are related. To protect the right to privacy, direct care information may not be shared without the permission of the patient or Power of Attorney.

Family-Style Dining
Family-Style Dining has a pre-determined menu and set meal times that are served family style in a group dining setting.

Fatigue
Fatigue is tiring easily, being unable to complete usual activity, feeling weak, and difficulty concentrating.

Federally Qualified HMO
Federally Qualified HMO has met certain standards established by the federal government regarding quality of care, financial soundness, member services, etc.

Feeding Tube
Feeding Tube is a plastic or rubber tube to give nutrition and water to someone who cannot eat or drink. A feeding tube can be placed through the nose (nasogastric) or the stomach wall (PEG tube).

Fee-for-service
Fee-for-service is the exchange of payment to providers for each service performed.

Fibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia is a pain disorder in which a person feels widespread pain, muscle stiffness, fatigue, and other symptoms.

Fiduciary Services
Fiduciary Services are provided to an older adult by a person of trust. The Fiduciary follows instructions in legal documents prepared by the older adult. These services may be performed by a guardian, conservator, or other agent under Power of Attorney or personal representative.

Financial Assistance
Financial Assistance provide resources and assistance for individuals facing a financial crisis, services may include local relief programs or temporary financial support, counseling on financial management, prescription drug programs, Social Security benefits, food stamps, or energy assistance. The programs can be from private companies such as the local utility company, non-profit organizations and/or some religious organizations.

Financial Counseling Programs
Financial Counseling Programs Aid individuals with managing their finances, bill paying, and completing Medicaid, Medicare or insurance forms. Services are sometimes provided at Senior Centers, state agencies, through financial professionals; professional organizers may also provide bill paying, bill management and insurance form completion services for a fee.

Financial Management Counseling
Financial Management Counseling services offer advice and assistance to resolve financial problems or to relieve temporary financial stresses.

Financial Planner
Financial Planner help the client make decisions that make the most of financial resources while at the same time help negotiate the financial barriers that inevitably arise in every stage of life.

Financial Services
Financial Services includes: financial planning, insurance and medical bill review including Medicare, bill paying, bank reconciliation, income tax preparation and long term care insurance filing. Some or all of these services may be offered by firms specializing in assisting seniors such as Certified Financial Planners, Elder Law Attorneys and accounting firms serving the needs of older adults.

Fiscal Intermediary
Fiscal Intermediary most often refers to a private company that has a contract with Medicare to pay Part A and some Part B bills. Fiscal Intermediaries are being phased out and replaced by Medicare Administrative Contractors.

Fitness, Health & Wellness
Fitness, Health & Wellness includes information, educations, programs and resources on healthy living topics offered by hospitals, local organizations, or other organizations such as aquatic classes, therapy pools, chiropractic care, counseling, diet and meal preparation, health clubs, health screenings, health care consultants, health spas, holistic health, nutrition, personal services and personal trainers.

Foley Catheter
Foley Catheter is a tube inserted into the bladder in order to drain urine.

Food Resources
Food Resources provide some type of food resource to individuals facing a financial crisis. Programs that provide food subsidies, free food, or low-cost food to eligible individuals. Examples of such programs include, but are not limited to: the food assistance program administered by DHS (formerly called “food stamps”), the Famer’s Market coupon program, food banks, the SHARE program, private companies, non-profit organizations or some religious organizations. Food Resources can also include meals at home programs or congregate meals.

Food Stamps or Voucher Programs
Food Stamps or Voucher Programs supply food coupons which can be exchanged in designated grocery stores, supermarkets or farmer’s markets for food products. The coupons are generally provided to low income individuals and families on an occasional or ongoing basis, but may also be available to others.

Foot Care
Foot care includes nail clipping, applying ointments, etc.

Formulary
Formulary is a list of drugs that are covered by a drug plan.

Frontal-Temporal Dementia (FTD)
Frontal-Temporal Dementia (FTD) is a rare form of dementia, affecting the parts of the brain responsible for language, behavioral skills and emotional responses. (Includes Pick’s disease.)

Full-Service Kitchen
Full-Service Kitchen is a kitchen within a facility that provides units with a refrigerator, stove and oven for those who can live independently and operate a kitchen safely. Most Assisted Living communities are equipped with “kitchenettes” with small refrigerators and microwaves only.

Functional Impairment
Functional Impairment means being unable to dress, use the toilet, eat, bathe or walk without assistance.

Funeral Services
Funeral Services comprise the beliefs and practices to remember the dead, from the funeral, memorial, burial, cemetery, and various monuments in their honor.

G

Garden Unit
Garden Unit is located below or at ground level. The term can also refer to as a basement level apartment.

Gas Forced Air (GFA)
Gas Forced Air (GFA) heat also known as central heating circulates heat through a ventilation system or ductwork within the apartment. Typically each apartment will have its own furnace located in or near the apartment. This differs from a “window unit”.

Gated Communities
Gated Communities have a tall fence and gates for the purpose of controlled entry and exit. Parking that is enclosed within a gated area may have password access. There may also be assigned parking spaces.

Gatekeeper
Gatekeeper is the person responsible for controlling information. HMOs use the term to refer to primary care physician or nurse practitioner responsible for referring member patients to specialists or other services.

Genealogy Research
Genealogy Research involves identifying ancestral or descendant families by using historical records to establish biological, genetic, or familial kinship.

General Hospitals
General Hospitals are available to the general public. Hospitals are required to be licensed through the Department of Inspections and Appeals.

Geri chair
Geri Chair is a high-backed cushioned recliner with a leg and foot rest. The staff can push it on wheels, but the resident cannot move it. A geri chair is considered a restraint, in most states, it can be used only on a physician’s order.

Geriatric Care Manager
Geriatric Care Management services are provided by agencies and individuals who offer guidance, assessment, planning, monitoring and coordination of appropriate social and medical services for those that are not able to fully care for themselves. Services can include the selection of appropriate at-home services or help with finding a senior housing community for the older adult to reside. Care Managers are also available for a crisis situation where there is a traumatic health event. Care Managers are particularly helpful family support is long distance or unavailable. Some non-profits offer care manager services on a sliding scale and note that faith-based non-profit care management groups serve all faiths. The National Association of Professional Geriatric Care Managers specifies that a care manager should have “a graduate degree in the field of human services or a substantial equivalent,” and be certified or licensed at the independent practice level of his or her state.”

Geriatric Psychiatrist
Geriatric Psychiatrist is trained to diagnose and treat mental disorders in older adults.

Geriatrician
A medical specialist who treats older adults. These are generally internal medicine or family practice physicians who have completed additional training and certification.

GI Tube
GI Tube inserted surgically into the stomach so that an individual can receive nutrition without eating food through the mouth.

Government Resources & Services
Government Resources & Services provide information and resources by government agencies. Some examples are Area Agencies on Aging, Ombudsmen, Eldercare Locator, Benefits Checkup, etc…

Grand Parenting
Grand Parenting includes resources on sharing your life with grandchildren, such as traveling, education, creating memories, and more.

Greeting Cards
Greeting Cards includes a list of e-card websites with a large selection of cards for every occasion, including: birthday, holiday, anniversary and more.

Grocery Delivery
Grocery Delivery and shopping services may be available to the general public for a fee or provided only to individuals who qualify because they are physically unable to shop for their own groceries. Many grocery stores have started to add delivery or pick up service.

Group Homes
Group Homes or Residential homes offer personal care and individual attention for older adults, people with disabilities and others whose limitations prevent them from living alone. Group homes (which are also known as board and care homes, residential board and care homes, personal care homes or residential care facilities for the elderly) generally provide a room (which may be shared), meals and supervision; and may specialize in specific needs such as Alzheimer’s disease or developmental disabilities.

Group Practice HMO
Group Practice HMO is an HMO that contracts with medical groups to provide healthcare to its members.

Guardian or Conservator
Guardian or Conservator services are generally provided by a person of trust who petitions the court or is appointed by the court to protect the legal rights of another person who can no longer manage his or her own affairs. A guardian in general is responsible for the physical well being of a person; this impacts the subject’s rights and as such is usually used as a last approach. There are three types of guardians with varying degrees of authority: Plenary Guardian with total authority over personal and property matters, the Guardian of the Person has authority over matters such as medical decisions and residential questions, and the Guardian of the Estate has authority only over property. A Conservator is responsible for the financial protection of their assets. A guardian and conservator may be the same person but do not have to be the same and both positions may also be filled by an institution, both require a court order.

H

Handicapped License Plates
Handicapped License Plates are administered by the Department of Motor Vehicles. Each state manages their program, application and renewal requirements.

Hardware & Home Improvement Stores
Hardware & Home Improvement includes everything for the home, indoors and outdoors such as fencing, metal roofing, lawn care, tile, hardwood and much more.

Health & Beauty
Health & Beauty includes skin care, cosmetics, personal grooming, hair care, lotions, creams and much more.

Health Care Directive
Health Care Directive is a written legal document that specifies a persons medical preference and wishes, or allows another person to appoint another person to make health care decisions should he or she be unable to make or communicate decisions. (see Power of Attorney and Advanced Directives)

Health Care Transitional Facility
Health Care Transitional Facility is a program designed to provide a broad range of health care outside of a hospital setting, including rehabilitation centers, nursing homes or other settings.

Health Center
Health Centers are facilities that provide a wide range of outpatient health care, such as immunizations, preventative health, health assessments, perform simple procedures such as foot care, and teach people ways to maintain, restore, and improve their health as older adults. Services are often provided at a reduced rate laboratory and radiology services and diagnostic and exam services.

Health Clubs
Health Clubs are centers with exercise equipment or classes encouraging fitness and physical activity, some may also include spas.

Health Insurance & HMOs
Health Insurance & Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) provide a comprehensive range of health maintenance and treatment services for a prepaid fee, including Medicare supplemental plans.

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPPA)
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPPA) became a law on January 1, 1997. Title I of HIPAA protects health insurance coverage for workers and their families when they change or lose their jobs. Title II of HIPAA, the Administrative Simplification (AS) provisions, requires the establishment of national standards for electronic health care transactions and national identifiers for providers, health insurance plans, and employers. Provisions also address the security and privacy of health data. The standards are meant to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the nation’s health care system by encouraging the use of electronic data interchange in the US health care system. The act also states the requirements that a long-term care policy must follow in order that the premiums paid may be deducted as medical expenses and benefits not paid are considered as taxable income.

Health Screenings
Health Screenings are used to identify disease or conditions, thus enabling earlier intervention and management; many screening are performed at hospitals, community centers or annual health screening events.

Health Spas
Health Spas offer health and image improvement services and may can focus on weight loss, detox the body, beauty, fitness, relaxation and other themes. Spas services can also be purchased on hourly rate locally or be a week long vacation.

Health Supportive Products
Health Supportive Products are supplies for the treatment of illness, disabilities or injuries, i.e.: wheelchairs, walkers, bed side toilets, etc. (Also see Durable Medical Equipment, DME)

Healthcare Consultant
Healthcare Consultant is a person or company that gives advice and/or oversight for medical treatments, insurance billing, Medicare services and other healthcare treatments.

Hearing Resources & Services
Hearing Resources & Services lists organizations that provide hearing services, resources or education; some may provide services on sliding scale payment arrangements.

Heart Disease
Heart Disease is any disorder that affects the heart’s ability to function normally. The most common cause of heart disease is narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart itself. This happens slowly over time and is known as Coronary Artery Disease or CAD.

Heart Failure (HF) or Congestive Heart Failure CHF)
Heart Failure (HF) or Congestive Heart Failure CHF) is the inability of the heart to pump enough blood to meet the needs of the body’s other organs. This can cause fluid to build up in the body, which is seen as swelling (edema), most commonly in the lower extremities. Heart failure also reduces the kidneys’ ability to dispose of sodium and water, making edema worse. Fluid can also collect in the lungs and interfere with breathing, causing shortness of breath. Heart Failure is almost always a chronic, long-term condition, although it can sometimes develop suddenly. It may affect the right side, the left side, or both sides of the heart. Most areas of the body can be affected when both sides of the heart fail. In HF, the failing heart keeps working, but inefficiently. The most common causes of HF are coronary artery disease (CAD), previous heart attack and high blood pressure.

HIPAA (The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996)
HIPAA (The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996) became a law on January 1, 1997. Title I of HIPAA protects health insurance coverage for workers and their families when they change or lose their jobs. Title II of HIPAA, the Administrative Simplification (AS) provisions, requires the establishment of national standards for electronic health care transactions and national identifiers for providers, health insurance plans, and employers. Provisions also address the security and privacy of health data. The standards are meant to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the nation’s health care system by encouraging the use of electronic data interchange in the US health care system. The act also states the requirements that a long-term care policy must follow in order that the premiums paid may be deducted as medical expenses and benefits not paid are considered as taxable income.

HMO (Health Maintenance Organization)
HMO (Health Maintenance Organization) is an organization that, for a prepaid fee, provides a health plan that both pays for and provides, or arranges to provide, access to comprehensive range of health maintenance and treatment services (including hospitalization, preventive care, diagnosis, and nursing). HMOs are reimbursed for services on a fixed monthly basis. Health Maintenance Organization Plan (HMO Plan) is also a type of Medicare Advantage Plan that is available in some areas of the country. Plans must cover all Medicare Part A and Part B health care. Some HMOs cover extra benefits, like extra days in the hospital. In most HMOs, you can only go to doctors, specialists, or hospitals on the plan’s list except in an emergency. Your costs may be lower than in the Original Medicare Plan.

Holistic Health
Holistic Health refers to alternative health services such as Acupuncture, Reflexology, Kelation, Reiki and Kinetic therapy.

Home & Moving Resources
Housing & Moving Resources assists individuals downsizing from family homes to move into independent apartments or senior communities. This resource contains information on estate sales, housing information specialists, housing resources, moving and real estate services and relocation/downsizing specialists.

Home and Community Based Services (HCBS)
Home and Community Based Services (HCBS) are supportive services including home health care, personal care, adult day care, respite care and assisted living facilities to help people with disabilities to live in the community. Each state has a mix of funding sources and programs. Medicaid and other federal, state and local agencies support such programs. The Local Area Agency on Aging assist to qualify and match needs with individuals looking for resources to remain in their own home as long as possible; some examples include Meals on Wheels, visitation programs, shopper services or adult day care, and respite care. Medicare, private insurance or Medicaid may pay some home care costs.

Home Care Services
Home Care Services are services received in the home setting, including: companion care, personal care, sitter services, or skilled home health care. (see also: At Home Care and Services)

Home Delivered Meals
Home Delivered Meals are meals delivered to an individual’s home. Some programs are government funded and require that the recipients be homebound and have limited ability to cook for themselves. Many programs are available on a contribution basis rather than for an established fee. The two most common programs are Meal on Wheals and Loaves and Fishes.

Home Furnishings & Decoration
Home Furnishings & Decoration includes the touches for the home, including furniture, pillows, bedding, window treatments, home accessories, decorator and design services and more.

Home Health Agencies
Home Health Agencies (HHA) offer medical services in a home setting, therapists, medical social workers and health aids. The medical services such as changing wound dressings, checking vital signs, cleaning catheters and providing tube feedings; services can be provided on a daily hourly, weekly or 24/7 regular schedule. These companies are typically licensed by the state. Some agencies are Medicare certified and may be reimbursed for some services. Some HHA’s also offer Companion Care, which provides non-medical in-home assistance; Medicare does not typically reimburse for these services.

Home Health Aide
Home Health Aides Provide support services such as personal care which do not require a licensed nurse. Medicare does not cover home health aides unless the person is also receiving skilled nursing care or other therapy. Certified Nursing Assistants (CNAs)provide personal care to residents or patients, such as bathing, dressing, changing linens, transporting and other essential activities. CNAs are trained, tested, certified and work under the supervision of an RN or LPN. Typically found in hospital, home care, or housing communities. These individuals are not licensed to deliver medical care.

Home Improvement & Maintenance
Home Improvement & Maintenance revolve around maintaining the home or making home modifications to promote independence or create a safer environment in the home. This website includes home modifications, improvement services, home repair, landscaping, tree services and sliding scale services for low-income individuals.

Home Modifications/Improvement Services
Home Modifications/Improvement Services adapt living spaces to meet the needs of individuals with limitations in order to increase the ease of use, safety, security and independence in the home. Modifications can range from: moving appliances to a main floor, changing doorways, installing showers, replacing doorknobs with pull handles, installing ramps, up to full-scale construction projects.

Home Repair/Maintenance
Home Repair & Maintenance provides information and resources for home repairs and maintenance including do-it-yourself website resources and directories of home maintenance companies to help keep housing in good repair, such as roofing, plumbing and insulation, in order to avoid major problems.

Homebound
Homebound defines a person who is unable to leave home or cannot leave home without considerable assistance. A person may leave home for medical treatment or short, infrequent absences for non-medical reasons, such as a trip to the barber or to attend religious service.

Homeless Shelters
Homeless Shelters are residential facilities for individuals and families who have no homes or whose homes are unsafe.

Homemaker Services
Providing assistance to persons having difficulty with one or more activities of daily living, managing money, using the telephone, or doing light housework, cleaning, preparing meals, doing laundry, shopping or arranging transportation. May also referred to as home chore services. See also (Companion Care)

Hospice Care (Palliative Care)
Hospice Care (Palliative Care) emphasizes comfort measures and counseling to provide social, spiritual and physical support to the dying patient and his or her family. The goals of hospice are to keep the patient as comfortable as possible by relieving pain and other symptoms; to prepare for a death that follows the wishes and needs of the patient. Hospice care, is typically offered in the last six months of life and covered under Medicare Part A . Care takes place in the home or a home-like setting such as a nursing home, board and care home, or assisted living community and serves patients of all ages. Care is under the direction of a licensed physician and is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week if necessary.

Hospitalist
Hospitalist is a physician who is responsible for coordinating all diagnostic treatments and care during a patient’s hospital stay and reports on an inpatient’s conditions to his or her primary care physician.

Hospitals
Hospitals are medical facilities providing care and treatment for illnesses, disabilities or injuries; including: emergency care, surgical care, testing, specialty care and other medical services, many offer community education and health screenings.

House Cleaning Services
House Cleaning Services also known as maid service can be provided on a weekly or monthly schedule or arranged for one time large cleaning jobs. These services are generally provided by traditional house cleaning companies that serve all ages. Note that Older Adult Companion’s can provide light housekeeping but in general a Companion does not provide extensive house cleaning services. Housekeeping Services may include yard and house maintenance, home and appliance repair, housekeeping, meal preparation, shopping and transportation. No personal care is provided; not covered by Medicare.

Housing Assistance
Housing Assistance includes providers of financial assistance for housing that is provided on a continued or one-time basis such as housing authority offices where applications are processed, low-income senior apartments, section 8 housing, HUD housing, etc.

Housing Choice Vouchers
Housing Choice Voucher program is the federal government’s major program for assisting very low-income families, the elderly, and the disabled to afford decent, safe, and sanitary housing in the private market. Since housing assistance is provided on behalf of the family or individual, participants are able to find their own housing, including single-family homes, townhouses and apartments.

Housing Communities
Housing Communities range from active independent living with golf or water features to subsidized housing to continuum care communities some with endowment programs. Higher-level care housing for older adults can include assisted living, skilled nursing and memory care for the assisted living or skilled nursing care levels. It is important to understand physical assessment of older adults when looking for higher level of care housing.

Housing Resources
Housing Resources includes government and non-profit agencies that contain information on government senior housing and programs.

Housing Specialist or Referral Services
Housing Specialist or Referral Services provide information and assistance to individuals or their caregivers about current housing availability or services available in their area. In addition to providing information, these service providers can assess the problems and capacities of individuals, link them to available opportunities and services, and conduct follow-up to ensure that the individual received the services. The methods for providing this information and assistance vary widely from distributing pre-printed lists of providers to conducting searches for a wide-range of services that account for an individual’s personal constraints, be they financial, physical, social or geographic. This service may be paid by the client or by a referral fee from the provider.

HUD Section 8 (Housing and Urban Development)
HUD Section 8 is a federally funded housing subsidy program that provides low-income families the opportunity to choose and lease safe, decent and affordable privately owned rental housing by supplementing what they could afford on their own. Public Housing Authorities apply to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) for Section 8 funds, which are then provided to eligible families in accordance with HUD rules and regulations.

HUD 202 (Housing and Urban Development)
HUD 202 program helps expand the supply of affordable housing with supportive services for the elderly. It provides very low-income elderly with options that allow them to live independently but in an environment that provides support activities such as cleaning, cooking, transportation, etc. The program is similar to Supportive Housing for Persons with Disabilities (Section 811).

HUD Subsidy (Housing and Urban Development)
HUD (Housing and Urban Development) is a federal program that provides affordable independent housing for the elderly and disabled. Most individuals that qualify for HUD must pay approximately 30% of their monthly income to rent. HUD takes care of the remaining 70%. Eligibility requirements may include income, assets and age. (Also called HUD Senior Housing.)

Huntington’s Disease
Huntington’s Disease is an inherited, degenerative brain disease which affects the mind and body, it generally begins in midlife. Symptoms include personality change, memory problems, and psychiatric problems.

Hyperalgesia
Hyperalgesia is extreme sensitivity to pain.

Hyperpathia
Hyperpathia is an exaggerated response to something that causes pain, with continued pain after the cause of the pain is no longer present.

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Identity Theft
Identity Theft is a crime involving illegal usage of another individual’s identity. The most common form of identity theft is credit card fraud.

Incapacity
Incapacity can be mental or physical, temporary or permanent; a person can be incapacitated without being incompetent.

Income Cap States
Income Cap States are those with income caps, individuals are not allowed to spend down to the Social Security income level to become eligible for Medicaid-covered nursing home care. Income cap states include Alabama, Alaska, Colorado, Delaware, Idaho, Mississippi, Nevada, New Mexico, Ohio, South Dakota and Wyoming.

Income Security Program
Income Security Program is a program which aids eligible seniors with public assistance or helps to ensure that seniors receive Social Security, Medicare or other benefits.

Income Tax Assistance
Income Tax Assistance includes: preparation and filing services provided by knowledgeable volunteers or for a low fee.

Incompetence
Incompetence is determined by a legal proceeding, that requires the individual is incapable of handling assets and exercising certain legal rights.

Incontinence
Incontinence is the inability to control bladder or bowel function.

Indemnity Benefit
Indemnity Benefit is an insurance policy, a fixed payment made directly to the policyholder, rather than the provider of service.

Independent Living Communities
provide residents an independent living setting and social activities on a rental basis without the burden of home ownership. Typically, residency is established on a monthly rental basis. Residents live in fully equipped private apartments or cottages from studios to large two-bedroom units that may be rental-assisted or market-rate depending on the community. Amenities and hospitality services such as housekeeping, linen service, transportation and social and recreational activities may be included, provided for an additional charge, or may not be available at all. These communities do not provide assistance with activities of daily living or personal care. Referred to as elderly housing in the government-subsidized environment and. (also called Senior Apartments, Elderly Housing, Congregate Care and Senior Housing.)

Informal Interaction
Informal Interaction is unplanned meetings that help build trust and a friendly approach to problem solving.

Informed Consent
Informed Consent is the process of making decisions about medical care that are based on open, honest communication between the health care provider and the patient or the patient’s family.

Infusion
Infusion is the administration of medication or solutions intravenously (IV), including: nutrition, antibiotics, antiviral, antifungal agents, pain management, chemotherapy or hydration.

Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs)
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) are secondary level of activities important to daily living or functions related to maintaining independence such as shopping, preparing meals, driving, grocery shopping, managing finances, driving and performing housekeeping duties. (Different from ADLs, such as eating, dressing, and bathing)

Insurance Counseling
Insurance Counseling is assistance with understanding insurance policies and claims, including Medicare, Medicaid, supplemental insurance and private insurance.

Intermediate Care Facility for Mentally Retarded (ICF/MR)
Intermediate Care Facility for Mentally Retarded (ICF/MR) is a licensed facility with the primary purpose of providing health or rehabilitative services for people with mental retardation or people with developmental disabilities.

Internet & Computer
Internet & Computer on this website, includes: adaptive computer technology, computer classes, internet service providers, computer repair. In this category we also include the interesting and fun side of computers such as genealogy research, online puzzles and games, search engines, general interest and groovy websites.

Internet Service Providers
Internet Service Provider is the company that allows a person or business to have access to the World Wide Web and this topic includes a variety of websites that offer DSL and dial up access.

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Kitchenette
Kitchenette is a small limited-service kitchen typically including a small refrigerator and microwave, but not a stove or oven. These are most used in Assisted Living communities.

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Landscaping & Tree Services
Landscaping & Tree Services are tree trimming, lawn care, landscaping, stump removal, irrigation and more; include do-it-yourself resources and professionals.

Late Enrollment Penalty
Late Enrollment Penalty is the extra amount you have to pay in premiums if you decide not to enroll in a health or prescription plan when you first become eligible. For Medicare prescription drug plans, the penalty is typically 1% of the premium for each month you wait, and this penalty amount will continue every month as long as you are in a Medicare prescription drug plan.

Laundry Facility
Laundry Facility includes washers and dryers. Typically, the property management maintains the laundry equipment but it is the tenant’s responsibility to pay a fee for use of the machines.

Lease
Lease is a bilateral contract in which the landlord promises to provide exclusive possession of the property in return for the tenant promise to pay rent.

Legal & Financial
Legal & Financial on this website, lists common legal topics important to older adult and their families such as elder law, consumer affairs, estate planning, fiduciary services, guardianship, conservatorship, identity theft, legal aid for low income older adults, long-term care insurance and reverse mortgages.

Legal Aid & Resources
Legal Aid & Resources are government and non-profit legal aid programs for low income individuals and serve as a resource for general inquiries. Information and assistance are provided about a variety of legal issues, advice and representation for certain legal matters such as government program benefits, tenant rights and consumer problems. Questions and concerns may be addressed by telephone through a legal information and assistance program or in-person. Services may be provided free or at a reduced cost.

Legal Services
Legal Services are programs that provide qualified legal advice to individuals, families or caregivers.

Lessee or Tenant
Lessee or Tenant is someone who pays rent to use land, a building or apartment that is owned by a Landlord.

Lessor or Landlord
Lessor or Landlord is a company or person that provides temporary use of property in return for periodic payment.

Libraries
Libraries are public spaces to borrow a book or gather for community events. Many Libraries provide special services for older adults such as computer and Internet access, large print books, bookmobiles and general interest presentations.

Licensed Nursing Care
Licensed Nursing Care is provided by registered nurses (RN), licensed practical nurses (LPN), delegation nurses and nurses’ aides. Some facilities such as Nursing Homes and Skilled Nursing Facilities are designed for those who need 24-hour nursing care and have on-site medical teams that set them apart from other types of senior housing. Part-time licensed nursing care may also provided at Assisted Living and Adult Family Home facilities and can be contracted to serve Independent Living Communities.

Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN)
Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) is trained and certified to administer technical nursing procedures as well as provide a range of healthcare services, such as administration of medication and changing of dressings.

Life Care Community
Life Care Community is a type Continuing Care Retirement Community (CCRC) that offers an insurance type contract and provides a continuum of care from independent living, assisted living and skilled nursing services all on one campus. It often includes payment for acute care and physician’s visits. Little or no change is made in the monthly fee, regardless of the level of medical care required by the resident, except for cost of living increases. A large endowment fee in addition to a monthly maintenance fee can be expected. (see also called Continuing Care Retirement Community or CCRCs.).

Liquid Supplements
Liquid Supplements are nutritional drinks provided as a dietary supplement.

Living Will
Living Will is a legal document also known as a medical directive or advance directive that describes individuals’ wishes and preferences about lifesaving medical treatments should they not be able to communicate their wishes directly. It states wishes regarding life support or other medical treatment in certain circumstances, usually at the end of life. The living will is used only if the patient becomes unable to make decisions for him/herself. (see also Advanced Directives)

Long Term Care Facilities
Long-Term Care Facilities provide health care to people who are unable to manage independently in the community. Facilities may provide short-term rehabilitative services as well as chronic care management.

Long Term Care Insurance
Long Term Care Insurance is a type of insurance coverage for personal care generally not covered by health insurance or Medicare, such as dressing, bathing, eating, toileting, transferring, and walking. Depending on the policy, care may be received from a home care agency, assisted Living, nursing home or other provider. Long-term care insurance is typically purchased through agents who are financial planners. Benefits are often paid in the form of a fixed dollar amount (per day or per visit) for covered expenses and may exclude or limit certain conditions from coverage.

Long Term Care Ombudsman
Long Term Care Ombudsman is a professional who investigates and act as an advocate on behalf of residents of assisted living, nursing homes and other long-term care facilities. See also (Ombudsman)

Long Term Care
Long-Term Care is care given in the form of medical care, personal care and support services to persons who have lost some or all of their physical or cognitive function due to an illness or disability.

Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Properties
Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) Program offers property owners and investors a credit or reduction in their tax liability that is based on the costs of development and the number of qualified low income units in a newly constructed or rehabilitated development. In exchange, the owners must offer quality units to low-income tenants at fixed below market rate rents. The lower monthly rental can be set at 30%, 40%, 50% or 60% less of the applicable Area Median Income. Tenants must prove income eligibility requirements to qualify for residency.

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a painless technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves without radiation to create clear cross-sectional pictures of the body.

Maintenance/Repair
Maintenance/Repair helps individuals to improve, repair, or maintain their residence, appliances, etc.

Managed Care
Managed Care is a method of delivering and paying for health care through a system of networks of providers, such as HMO’s, preferred provider networks, and similar plans. Managed care seeks to ensure the quality and contain the cost of comprehensive medical care. The basic goal of managed care is to coordinate all health care services received to maximize benefits and minimize costs. Managed care plans use their own network of healthcare providers and a system of prior approval from a primary care doctor in order to achieve this goal. Providers include: specialists, hospitals, skilled nursing facilities, therapists and home healthcare agencies.

Market Rate Rental
Market Rate Rental is the monthly rental rate for an apartment based on the local market costs and supply and demand in that geographic area for apartment rentals.

Massage Therapy
Massage Therapy is the manipulation of muscle and connective tissue to enhance the function of those tissues and promote relaxation and well being. Therapeutic massage can ease tension and reduce pain. Massage therapy is a form of physical therapy. It can be highly effective for reducing the symptoms of arthritis, back pain, carpal tunnel syndrome and other disorders of the muscles and/or nervous system.

Material Aid
Material Aid is assistance in the form of cash, goods or material items (i.e. clothes, food, physical products, etc.).

Meals on Wheels
Meals on Wheels is a volunteer organization that provides routine nutritious meal delivery for homebound older adults unable to provide meals for themselves. (Also known as mobile meals)

Median Income
Median Income is an average income for residents in a specific geographic area.

Medicaid Certified
Medicaid-certified facilities can offer services to individuals receiving Medicaid assistance in exchange for reimbursement.

Medicaid Waiver Programs
Medicaid Waiver Programs are services provided in the home or community as an alternative to placement in a long term care institutional setting.

Medicaid
Medicaid is a joint federally supported, state operated public assistance program that pays for health care services to people with a low income, including elderly or disabled persons who qualify. Medicaid pays for some long term nursing facility care, some limited home health services, and may pay for some assisted living services, depending on the state. Programs vary from state to state, and programs may operate by another name.

Medical & Drug Trials
Medical & Drug Trials are used to establish average efficacy of a treatment as well as learn about side-effects, often participants receive new treatment or medication options. (see also clinical trials)

Medical Alert & Call Systems
Medical Alert & Call Systems is an electronic system or device that connects an individual to assistance in an emergency. (see also Emergency Response System)

Medical Alert Jewelry
Medical Alert Jewelry includes bracelets or necklaces that depict the wearer’s medical condition or impairment, such as safe return information for Alzheimer’s sufferers who wander, medication information, allergies, or other health conditions.

Medical Director
Medical Director is a doctor who oversees medical care in a facility and coordinates with an individual’s personal physician to ensure that the facility delivers the care that is prescribed. In some instances, the medical director may be a resident’s primary physician. A staff medical director assumes overall responsibility for the formulation and implementation of all policies related to medical care.

Medical Equipment
Medical Equipment includes products such as wheelchairs, walkers, respiratory equipment, diabetic supplies, home oxygen and much more. Many companies dealing in home medical equipment can bill Medicare, Medicaid and private insurance for products needed by the consumer. Also known as, Home Medical Equipment (HME) or Durable Medical Equipment (DME). See also (Adaptive Products)

Medical Necessity
Medical Necessity refers to services or supplies that are proper and needed for the diagnosis or treatment of a medical condition. They must meet the standards of good medical practice in the local medical community, rather than for the convenience of the beneficiary or the physician.

Medical Services
Medical Services on this website includes health and medical conditions. Topics included are: associations for specific conditions, dental, hearing, vision, foot care, dialysis, hospice, hospitals, pharmacies, physicians, prescription assistance, rehabilitation, substance abuse, therapy services and other health related subjects.

Medical Social Services
Medical Social Services is assistance with social and emotional concerns one may have related to an illness.

Medi-Cal
Medi-Cal is the California version of Medicaid. Medi-Cal provides many individuals vital health insurance coverage, including wrap-around coverage for medical services Medicare does not cover. It also provides a safety net for seniors requiring long-term care who have exhausted their own financial resources.

Medicare Advantage Plan
Medicare Advantage Plan is offered by a private company that contracts with Medicare to provide you with all your Medicare Part A and Part B benefits. In most cases, Medicare Advantage Plans also offer Medicare prescription drug coverage. A Medicare Advantage Plan can be an HMO, PPO, or a Private Fee for- Service Plan. May sometimes be referred to as Medicare Part C.

Medicare Certified
Medicare Certified facilities can offer services to individuals receiving Medicare benefits in exchange for reimbursement from Medicare.

Medicare Part A
Medicare Part A is the part of Medicare that helps pay for inpatient hospital care, limited skilled nursing care, hospice care and some home health care. Most people get Medicare Part A automatically when they turn 65.

Medicare Part B
Medicare Part B is Medical insurance that helps pay for doctors’ services, outpatient hospital care and some other medical services not covered by part A (including some home health care). Part B helps pay for these covered services and supplies when they are medically necessary. A monthly premium must be paid to receive Part B.

Medicare Part C
Medicare Part C is also known as Medicare Health Plans (formally, “Medicare+Choice” and “Medicare Advantage”). These are Medicare-approved private insurance plans, including HMOs, PPOs, private fee-for-service plans, and medical saving accounts. These plans may or may not include prescription drug coverage.

Medicare Part D
Medicare Part D is also known as Medicare Prescription Drug plan. This is Medicare’s new insurance coverage to help people in Medicare pay for their prescription drugs. Medicare recipients can elect this higher coverage to receive discounts on certain prescription drugs.

Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage
Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage is another name for Medicare Part D and is a stand-alone drug plan, offered by insurance and other private companies to add prescription drug coverage to the Original Medicare Plan.

Medicare Supplemental Insurance
Medicare Supplemental Insurance is private insurance (often called Medigap) that pays Medicare’s deductibles and co-insurances and may cover services not covered by Medicare.

Medicare
Medicare is a Federal insurance health insurance program for those 65 and over, or who meet other criteria. Benefits are broken into Medicare part A,B, C and D. Consumers contribute to some of the costs of Medicare through premiums, deductibles and co-payments.

Medication Management
Medication Management is reminding, administering and/or counseling regarding the medication regime that individuals are using including prescription and over the counter medications, vitamins and home remedies. Depending on state specific regulations, a program may include management of the timing and dosage for residents. In some cases, the medication cannot be handled directly by staff; the resident must take the medication by him/her self. However, if licensed nursing staff is available, less restrictions apply and injections may be arranged.

Medication Reminder
Medication Reminders are services or devices that assist individuals in remembering to take their medicine on the prescribed schedule. Products range from watches with alarms, weekly pill containers, binder systems to electronic and medical alert systems that also provide this service. There are also individuals that provide this service as part of phone reassurance programs.

Medication System
Medication System is a device that dispenses the proper dosage of medications at a specified time. Most systems use an alarm, bell or other sound to notify the recipient that it is time to take their medicine. Some systems notify recipients through their television screen or computer.

Medigap Insurance
A term commonly used to describe Medicare supplemental insurance policies available from various companies. Medigap is private insurance that may be purchased by Medicare-eligible individuals to help pay the deductibles and co-payments required under Medicare. Medigap policies generally do not pay for services not covered by Medicare. See also (Medicare Supplemental Insurance)

Memory Care Assisted Living
Memory Care Assisted Living is a state licensed community that provides a secure setting that alerts staff if a resident has exited and a secure outdoor area; the staff receives training on Alzheimer’s and related dementia. A secure environment equates to one that is locked to prevent wandering. Electronic surveillance or personal monitoring systems alone do not qualify as “secure environment”.

Memory Care Nursing Homes
Memory Care Nursing Homes is a state licensed community that provide 24-hour skilled nursing care in a secure environment where the staff is trained to work with the needs of older adults with Alzheimer’s and related dementia and they require medical services by registered nurses and other professionals but not hospitalization.

Memory Care or Dementia Facilities
Memory Care or Dementia Facilities provide a secure setting that alerts staff if a resident has exited and a secure outdoor area; the staff receives training on Alzheimer’s and related dementia. focus care on both personal care needs, as well as, cognitive support of individuals with varying degrees of memory loss from memory impairment diseases such as Alzheimer’s. Typically, room and board, social activity, ongoing supervision are provided. Focus on retaining memory through regular stimulation activities is a standard. A secure environment equates to one that is locked to prevent wandering. Electronic surveillance or personal monitoring systems alone do not qualify as “secure environment”. (Also known as Special Care)

Memory Loss
Memory Loss is unusual forgetfulness that can be caused by damage to the brain due to disease, injury or severe emotional trauma. The cause determines whether memory loss comes on slowly or suddenly and whether it is temporary or permanent. Normal aging may result in trouble learning new material or requiring a longer time to recall learned material. However, it does not lead to dramatic memory loss unless diseases are involved. Also known as impaired memory or amnesia

Mental Health Counseling
Mental Health Counseling is a collaborative effort between a counselor and a patient to: help patients identify goals and potential solutions to problems that cause emotional turmoil; seek to improve communication and coping skills; strengthen self-esteem; and promote behavior change and optimal mental health.

Mental Health Programs
Mental Health Programs provide preventive, diagnostic and treatment services to assist people with emotional health issues. Mental Health Services includes services such as inpatient and outpatient counseling, as well as, information, resources and education.

Mental Health Services
Mental Health Services on this site covers information mental health counseling both inpatient and outpatient and online resources.

Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)
Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a short test to measure a person’s basic skills. These skills include short-term memory, long-term memory, writing and speaking.

Minimum Data Set (MDS)
Minimum Data Set (MDS) summarizes information on the abilities of individuals living in long-term care facilities. To keep their Medicare and Medicaid certification, long-term care facilities must submit their MDS data regularly.

Mobile Beauty Service
Mobile Beauty Service includes salons or individuals that offer their services to older adults and families in the home or to an older adult residing in a senior housing community.

Mobile Medical Services
Mobile Medical Services involves medical services that are mobile and can go to an individual’s private residence or a senior housing community. The goal is to lessen the physical impact and stress on the individual. Mobile Medical Services can include portable x-ray, cardiac services and dental services to name a few.

Mobility Equipment
Mobility Equipment are products that individuals use to maintain their mobility and independence. Products include traditional wheelchairs, power wheelchairs, walkers and electric scooters. Many companies may bill Medicare or other insurance for products needed by the consumer.

Moving Services
Moving Services include personalized services, packing and unpacking, general moving, storage and specialty shipping of antiques and valuables.

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is a painless technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves without radiation to create clear cross-sectional pictures of the body.

Multi-Infarct Dementia
Multi-Infarct Dementia is also known as vascular dementia, and is a deterioration of mental capabilities caused by multiple strokes (infarcts) of the brain.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, unpredictable neurological disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS consists of the brain, spinal cord and the optic nerves. Surrounding and protecting the nerve fibers of the CNS is a fatty tissue called myelin, which helps nerve fibers conduct electrical impulses. In MS, the fatty tissue is lost in multiple areas, leaving scar tissue called sclerosis. These damaged areas are also known as plaques or lesions or sometimes the nerve fiber itself is damaged or broken. Myelin protects nerve fibers and is necessary for function. When myelin or the nerve fiber is destroyed or damaged, the ability of the nerves to conduct electrical impulses to and from the brain is disrupted, and this produces the various symptoms of MS.

Music Therapy
Music Therapy is the therapeutic use of music. Music can be used to aid in relaxation and to restore, maintain and improve emotional, physical, physiological and spiritual health and well being.

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National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC)
National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) is a national organization made up of state officials who are in charge of regulating insurance. They have considerable influence and strive to promote national uniformity in insurance regulations.

Nerve Blocks
Nerve Blocks are injections of anesthetic or “numbing” substances into nerves to reduce pain.

Network
Network is insurance terms, refers to the doctors, clinics, health centers, medical group practices, hospitals, and other providers that an HMO or other managed care plan employs or contracts with to care for its members.

New Construction
New Construction is considered those built within the past five years.

Non-Ambulatory
Non-Ambulatory is an inability to walk independently, usually bedridden or hospitalized.

Not-for-Profit
Not-for-Profit is a status of an organization characterized by government by community-based boards of trustees who are all volunteers. Board members donate their time and talents to ensure that a not-for-profit organization’s approach to caring for older people responds to local needs. Not-for-profit homes and services turn any surplus income back into improving or expanding services for their clients or residents. Many not-for-profit organizations are often associated with religious denominations and fraternal groups. Not-for-profits may also interact with Congress and federal agencies to further causes that serve the elderly.

Nurse Assistant
Nurse Assistants work under the supervision of a Registered Nurse or Licensed Practical Nurse. A Nurse Assistant provides the most personal care to patients or residents, including bathing, dressing and toileting. Must be trained, tested and certified to provide care in nursing facilities that participate in the Medicare and Medicaid programs.

Nurse Practitioners (NPs) and Physician Assistants (PAs)
Nurse Practitioners (NPs) and Physician Assistants (PAs) are specially trained and may help oversee residents’ care. In many states, doctor-supervised NPs and PAs write orders for treatment and medication.

Nurse Registered Nurse (RN), Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN), Licensed Vocational Nurse (LVN)
Registered Nurse (RN) is a graduate trained nurse who has been licensed by a state authority after passing qualifying examinations for registration. A Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) is a person who has undergone training and obtained a state license to provide routine care for the sick. Some states use the term Licensed Vocational Nurse (LVN). A nurse who works in a nursing home takes care of residents and oversees certified nurses’ aides (CNAs) and custodial caregivers.

Nursing Homes or Skilled Nursing Facility (SNF)
Nursing Homes or Skilled Nursing Facility (SNF) are State-licensed facilities that provide a safe, therapeutic environment for individuals who require rehabilitative care or can no longer live independently due to functional or cognitive impairment. Nursing Homes offer 24-hour skilled nursing care and medical services by registered nurses and support professionals. This is the highest level of care that can be provided that is not hospitalization. Additionally, nursing facilities offer residents planned social, recreational and spiritual activities. These senior communities care for individuals who have needs that are beyond the scope of an assisted living community or board and care home. In many cases, these properties are licensed for Medicare and possibly Medicaid reimbursement. Also known as skilled nursing facilities

Nutrition Education
Nutrition Education is a service or program promoting better health by providing accurate and culturally sensitive nutrition information to older persons and/or their caregivers. Nutrition education must be overseen by a dietician or individual of comparable expertise if medically oriented information is provided. Nutrition education can be provided one-on-one or in a group setting.

Nutrition Professional
Nutrition Professional provides an assessment and plan containing options and advice for improving an individual’s nutritional status. An individual may need this service because of poor health history, current dietary intake, medication use or chronic illnesses.

Nutrition Services
Nutrition Services are programs aimed at assisting individuals or families to meet nutritional needs, including free or low-cost food, meals delivered to the home “Meals of Wheels”, congregate group meals -often provided at Senior Centers and food stamp coupons.

Nutrition
Nutrition on this website includes information on health diets, supplements, resources and assessments containing options and advice for improving an individual’s nutritional status.

Nutrition/Hydration
Nutrition/Hydration may be required for medical reasons, including: intravenous (IV) fluid and nutritional supplements given to patients who are unable to eat or drink by mouth, or those who are dehydrated or malnourished.

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Occupancy Agreement
Occupancy Agreement outlines terms of residency, typically in an Assisted Living setting. The terms should clearly define specific living arrangements for the community and for individuals.

Occupational Therapist (OT)
Occupational Therapists (OT) evaluate, treat and consult individuals who have some or all of their ability to prefer everyday tasks, such as dressing, bathing, toileting, etcc.. They may also assist with other secondary task, such as driving or cooking. Occupational Therapy assist individuals to relearn or modify activities of daily living in order to regain some or all of their independence.

Ombudsman
An advocate who works to resolve concerns or issues between residents long term care facilities, such as assisted living or nursing homes. Volunteers , usually as part of a public, government, or community-supported program, advocate for the rights of all residents in senior housing facilities. An Ombudsman will visit local facilities regularly, monitor conditions of care, investigate complaints, and mediate disputes involving meals, finances, medication, therapy, placements and communication with the staff. Also called “Long-term Care Ombudsman”

Opioid
Opioid is a type of medication related to opium. Opioids are strong analgesics. Opioids include morphine, codeine, and a large number of synthetic (man-made) drugs like methadone and fentanyl.

Opt-out
Opt-out is an option available in some types of managed care networks, such as point-of-service plans, in which members can seek treatment from providers outside the network and pay more to do so.

Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is a disease in which bones become fragile and more likely to break. If not prevented, or if left untreated, osteoporosis can progress painlessly until a bone breaks. These broken bones, also known as fractures, occur typically in the hip, spine and wrist.

Out-of-Pocket Costs/Spending
Out-of-Pocket Costs/ Spending is the expense for medical services not covered by an insurer or an HMO. This is the amount of money that you pay for your covered drugs or medical care from your own money. If you have insurance coverage for drugs, this is the amount you pay yourself (not including the amount your prescription drug company or the plan pays).

Owner/Operator
Owner is the individual, agency or company that owns the facility. The owner may hire an operator to direct the facility.

Oxygen
Oxygen service is required by some individuals. There are companies that provide oxygen supplies such as respiration equipment and also the oxygen tanks. Oxygen on website includes liquid oxygen or concentrator systems, as well as, respiratory equipment and supplies.

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PACE (Program for All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly)
PACE (Program for All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly) are programs that serve individuals with long-term care needs by providing access to the entire continuum of health care services, including preventive, primary, acute and long-term care. A basic tenet of the PACE philosophy is that it is better for both the senior with long-term care needs and the healthcare system to focus on keeping the individual living as independently as possible in the community for as long as possible.

Palliative Care
Palliative Care is the focus of care on quality of life, not on treatment or cure. Control of pain and other physical symptoms, and psychological, social and spiritual problems is considered most important. A major focus of Hospice care is Palliative Care. See also Hospice.

Parkinson’s Disease
Parkinson’s Disease is a chronic, progressive disorder of the central nervous system. Parkinson’s is the direct result of the loss of cells in a section of the brain called the substantia nigra. Those cells produce dopamine, a chemical messenger responsible for transmitting signals within the brain. Loss of dopamine causes critical nerve cells in the brain, or neurons, to fire out of control, leaving patients unable to direct or control their movement in a normal manner. Symptoms include tremors, stiffness in limbs and joints, speech impediments, and difficulty in initiating physical movement.

Patient Assessment
Patient Assessment or called resident assessment is standardized tool that enables senior housing facilities to determine a patient’s abilities, what assistance the patient needs and ways to help the patient improve or regain abilities. Patient assessment forms are completed using information gathered from medical records, discussions with the patient and family members and direct observation. See also Assessment

Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA)
Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) is pain medication given through an IV or epidural catheter. Patients control the dose of medication they take, depending on how much is needed to control the pain. PCA is usually used for patients recovering from intra-abdominal, major orthopedic, or thoracic surgery, and for chronic pain states, such as those due to cancer.

Peripheral Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System are the nerves throughout the body that send messages to the central nervous system.

Personal Care Assistance
Personal Care Assistance is providing hands-on assistance, standby assistance, supervision or verbal cues for someone who is having difficulty with activities of daily living necessary for self-care such as eating, bathing, dressing, toileting, taking medications, grooming, ambulation, transferring, changing positions, and other tasks.

Personal Health Record
Personal Health Record is a regularly updated collection of important health information. If you have dementia or are caring for someone with dementia, a health record will help you work with your care team.

Personal Historian
A Personal Historian assists individuals and groups record and preserve their life stories, memoirs and histories. The Personal Historian has the skills to interview, record and preserve the life stories, events and timelines of individuals, families, organizations, businesses and even communities for future generations.

Personal Trainer
Personal Trainers provide advice and support on strength training, conditioning, to maintaining or achieving optimum fitness; some trainers also provide nutritional counseling.

Personalized Visitations
Personalized Visitation provide for an individual or agency to visit an older adult at home or one residing in a senior housing community. The person visiting the older adult can provide support and companionship along with checking on the person’s welfare. Adult children may contract for this service if they do not live in the same city as their parent and they want to insure their health and welfare; these visits do not address any personal care needs.

Pet Services
Pet Services includes products and services for pets, pet shelters, low cost veterinary services and a source for finding pet companions for individuals.

Pet Therapy
Pet Therapy is Animal-assisted therapy that utilizes trained animals and handlers to achieve specific physical, social, cognitive, and emotional goals with patients. Studies have shown that physical contact with a pet can lower high blood pressure and improve survival rates for heart attack victims. There is also evidence that petting an animal can cause endorphins to be released. Endorphins are chemicals in the body that suppress the pain response. These are benefits that can be enjoyed from pet ownership, as well as from visiting therapeutic animals.

Phantom Pain
Phantom Pain is pain that develops after an amputation. To the patient, the pain feels like it is coming from the missing body part.

Pharmaceutical
Pharmaceutical on this website includes information about medications, drug companies, research and other education and resource services.

Pharmacies
Pharmacies provide prescription services for older adults and their families. Many will help review prescriptions and compare costs. Using a single Pharmacy may also help identify over medication or drug interactions.

Pharmacist
Pharmacist offers information about prescriptions, reviews patients’ drugs, teaches caregivers and gives out medications.

Pharmacotherapy
Pharmacotherapy is the treatment of diseases and symptoms with medications.

Pharmacy Delivery
Pharmacy Delivery is home delivery of pharmaceuticals, this may include delivery to a senior community.

Physical Therapy
Physical Therapy is the treatment of disease or injury, by physical and mechanical means. Physical therapists plan and administer prescribed physical therapy treatment programs to help restore function and strength. Physician-prescribed services to improve movement, muscle control, flexibility and range of motion and reduce or prevent physical disability. Services provided by specially trained and licensed physical therapists in order to relieve pain, restore maximum function, and prevent disability or injury. These can include massage, regulated exercise and treatments involving water, light, heat and electricity.

Physician Assisted Suicide
Physician Assisted Suicide are actions by a doctor that help a patient commit suicide. Though the doctor may provide medication, a prescription, or take other steps, the patient takes his/her own life (for instance, by swallowing the pills that are expected to bring about death). This is illegal in some states.

Physician
Physician, or doctor, helps develop a medical care plan for each patient or a resident of a long-term care facility. Physicians make medical decisions, such as what medications residents take or therapy needed. They may also meet with a resident’s family to discuss medical conditions or treatments. These doctors may have their own offices or work in a clinic. Some doctors work in a clinic, private practice, visit senior communities or make house calls.

Political Contacts
Political Contacts includes information on how to locate and contact your national, state and local agencies or representatives.

Post-acute Care
Post-acute Care is provided to an individual after a hospital stay and is usually related to that stay.

Power of Attorney
Power of Attorney is a legal document granting someone the right to make decisions for another. A (general) power of attorney is a written agreement between two people where the principal designates the agent to act on his behalf (represent them) for and in whatever situations the agreement specifies. A Durable Power of Attorney is a similar agreement but represents medical situations specifically where the principal becomes disabled in such a manner that they are unable to communicate and the agent steps in to act on the principal’s behalf. (Durable Power of Attorney is sometimes also referred to as Medical Power of Attorney.)

Pre-Admission Screening
Pre-Admission Screening is an assessment of a person’s functional, social, medical and nursing needs to determine if the person should be admitted to nursing facility or other community-based care.

Preferred Drug List
Preferred Drug List is another word for “formulary.”
Preferred Provider Organization Plan (PPO)
Preferred Provider Organization Plan (PPO)is a type of Health Plan in which you pay less if you use doctors, hospitals, and providers that belong to the network. You can use doctors, hospitals, and providers outside of the network for an additional cost.

Premium
Premium is the amount you pay each month to receive insurance coverage.

Preplanning & Funeral
Preplanning & Funeral on this website includes: advanced planning, cremation and funeral services. Specific topics include sources for advanced planning, living wills, medical durable power of attorney, cremation alternatives and at-need funeral services.

Prescription Assistance
Prescription Assistance includes discount cards or programs that help pay for or offset costs of prescriptions. Sources for assistance and discounts may be government and non-profit organizations and discount cards offered by Pharmaceutical companies. Participation is sometimes based on financial need or diagnosis.

Pressure Ulcers
Pressure Ulcers are also known as bed sores, these are a form of skin damage that occur when bony parts of the body press against other parts or a mattress or chair for an extended period of time.

Preventative Health
Preventative Health includes: immunizations, health screenings, education and other programs aimed at early detection or prevention of illness, disability and disease.

Private Fee-for-Service Plan
Private Fee-for-Service Plan is a type of Medicare Advantage Plan in which you may go to any Medicare approved doctor or hospital that accepts the plan’s payment. The insurance plan, rather than the Medicare Program, decides how much it will pay and what you pay for the services you get. You may pay more or less for Medicare-covered benefits. You may have extra benefits the Original Medicare Plan doesn’t cover.

Private Funds (Private Pay Patients)
Private Funds is used to identify patients who pay for their care out of private funds, either their own, from family or from another third party such as an insurance company. The term is used to distinguish patients from those whose care is paid for by governmental programs (Medicaid, Medicare, Veterans Administration, and Long Term Care Insurance).

Products
Products are items that make the tasks of daily living easier. These products can range from bathroom safety, food preparation, low vision aids, dressing and grooming aids to name a few.

Professional Organizer
Professional Organizer is an individual or company that focuses on removing clutter and disorganization while eliminating stress and introducing organization and process. They are often involved with helping the elderly and their families deal with a senior’s bill paying, bill management, estate physical down-sizing and clean-up activities.

Program for All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE)
Program for All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE) are programs that serve individuals with long-term care needs by providing access to the entire continuum of health care services, including preventive, primary, acute and long-term care. A basic tenet of the PACE philosophy is that it is better for both the senior with long-term care needs and the healthcare system to focus on keeping the individual living as independently as possible in the community for as long as possible.

Project Based Section 8 Housing
Project Based Section 8 Housing also provides HUD-subsidized rental assistance. Eligible low-income tenants pay a percent of their gross adjusted income for rent. The rental assistance is attached to the unit so tenants cannot “take” the assistance with them if they move. Section 8 Vouchers are not accepted for project-based units, however, Vouchers may be used at other units in the development that are not part of the project-based program.

Prospective Payment System (PPS)
Prospective Payment System (PPS) is the method by which skilled nursing and other facilities are paid by Medicare.

Provider
Provider refers to individuals or facilities that offer health care or caregiving such as hospitals, nursing homes, and home health agencies. Services may include: medical services or supplies, such as a physician, hospital, x-ray company, home health agency or pharmacy.

Psychiatry
Psychiatry is treatment or counseling offered by a psychiatrist. A psychiatrist makes specific diagnoses of mental disorders, prescribes medications, and provides counseling treatments. Psychiatry may be offered in an out-patient or in-patient setting.

Psychological Approaches
Psychological Approaches include techniques used to help patients cope with over their pain and deal with emotional factors that can increase pain. Such strategies include biofeedback, imagery, hypnosis, relaxation training, stress management, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and family counseling.

Psychologist
Psychologists detect and treat emotional problems. Personality and intelligence testing can help a psychologist diagnose these problems. Treatments include individual, family and group therapy sessions.

Psychotropic Drugs
Psychotropic Drugs include: antidepressants, anti-anxiety drugs, and anti-psychotic drugs used for delusions, extreme agitation, hallucinations or paranoia. They are often referred to as mind or behavior altering drugs. Some states may have specific regulations related to Psychotropic Drug use within a facility.

Public Health
Public Health includes the County Health Departments and provides education and services that maintain the health of community members. Free or reduced cost services are available based on age and income. Services include flu shots, health screening, foot clinics, etc.

Public Housing
Public Housing provides HUD-subsidized rental assistance for eligible tenants residing at housing developments that are primarily HUD-financed and owned by the Housing Authority. Eligible low-income tenants pay a percent of their gross adjusted income for rent. The rental assistance is attached to the unit so tenants cannot “take” the assistance with them if they move. Section 8 Vouchers are NOT accepted for HUD-subsidized rental assistance.

Puzzles & Games
Puzzles & Games on this website contain links to online puzzles and games; these sites are for entertainment and often offer good mental stimulation and many websites can be set up to email a puzzle a day.

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Qualified Medicare Beneficiaries (QMB)
Qualified Medicare Beneficiaries (QMB) is a federally required program where states must pay the Medicare deductibles and co-payments as well as Part B premiums for Medicare beneficiaries who qualify, based on income and resources.

Quality Assurance Director
Quality Assurance Directors coordinate quality assurance programs and policies for the facility. This person is responsible for quality assurance only and must be a licensed nurse. Sometimes the case Management Department of a Hospital may be under this umbrella.

Quality Care
Quality Care is a term used to describe care and services that allow recipients to attain and maintain their highest level of mental, physical and psychological function in a dignified and caring manner.

Quality Indicators
Quality Indicators describe the care in a long-term facility. For example, one quality indicator is the percent of residents whose need for help with daily activities has increased. The government’s Nursing Home Compare Web site uses quality indicators to score every nursing home in the United States.

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Real Estate Services
Real Estate Services include all things related to buying or selling a home. Realtors with Senior Real Estate Specialist (SRES(r)) designation specialize in serving older adults.

Reasonable and Necessary Care
Reasonable and Necessary Care is the amount and type of health services generally accepted by the health community as being required for the treatment of a specific disease or illness.

Recreation, Social & Travel
Recreation, Social & Travel on this website lists personal interest activities by topic including bingo halls along with online bingo, continuing education, dating and relationships, Elderhostel opportunities, RVs, camping, dance lessons, travel in the United States and worldwide and much more.

Recreational Therapist
Recreational Therapist use recreational and social interaction to provide therapy. They help residents enjoy activities, and might offer special tools, such as large-print songsheets, to encourage participation. Some facilities may have an Activity Director, but this position may not be a licensed Recreational Therapist.

Referral Agency or Housing Specialist
Referral Agency or Housing Specialist provide information and assistance to individuals or their caregivers about current housing availability or services available in their area. In addition to providing information, these service providers can assess the problems and capacities of individuals, link them to available opportunities and services, and conduct follow-up to ensure that the individual received the services. The methods for providing this information and assistance vary widely from distributing pre-printed lists of providers to conducting searches for a wide-range of services that account for an individual’s personal constraints, be they financial, physical, social or geographic. This service may be paid by the client or by a referral fee from the provider.

Regional Home Health Intermediary
Regional Home Health Intermediary is a private company that contracts with Medicare to pay home health and hospice bills and check on the quality of home health care.

Registered Nurse (RN)
Register Nurse is a nurse who has both passed a state board examination and is licensed by a state agency to practice nursing. A minimum of two years of college is required in addition to passage of the state exams. The RN plans for resident care by assessing resident needs, developing and monitoring care plans in conjunction with physicians, as well as executing highly technical skilled nursing treatments. See also (Nurse)

Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation is treatment for an injury, illness, or pain with the goal of restoring function. Rehab is ordered by a physician and services are provided by nurses and physical, occupational, and speech therapists. Examples include working with a physical therapist to help you walk and with an occupational therapist to help you get dressed.

Rehabilitation Facilities
Rehabilitation Facilities provide acute or sub-acute care to assist individuals recovering from illness or accidents, including nursing and therapy services. Depending on the severity of the condition the rehabilitation may be inpatient or outpatient.

Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation is therapeutic care for persons requiring intensive physical, occupational or speech therapy in order to restore to the patient to a former capacity. Treatments for individuals who have suffered a stroke, brain or spinal cord injury, or pain that cannot be controlled by medication alone. This also includes return-to-work programs or occupational rehabilitation, which help individuals regain skills they need.

Relocation & Downsizing Specialist
Relocation & Downsizing Specialist assist with moves from a larger home to an apartment or community and often handle personal details of a move. Relocation & Downsizing Specialist have a background in assisting older adults with relocation and downsizing from a larger home to an apartment or senior housing community. Services can include packing, estate sale, coordinating the move and unpacking and setting up the new household.

Rent
Rent is money paid for use of leased property usually paid on a monthly basis with a fixed due date.

Repair & Set Up
Repair & Set Up of computer system service can come from retail stores, consultants and even from web based companies.

Representative Payee Services
Representative Payee Services are financial management service for someone who is unable to manage their funds and federal government benefits by reason of physical or mental capacity. A representative payee is appointed by a government entity to receive those funds and benefits on the other individual’s behalf. Representative Payee acts as a surrogate on behalf of an individual who is not capable of making cognitive decisions. Handles the individual’s cash benefit checks such as Social Security or Supplemental Security Income. A representative payee can be a public agency, nonprofit organization, bank or an individual.

Research & Statistics
Research & Statistics on this website includes resources highlighting the aging of America.

Resident Assistant (RA)
Resident Assistant (RA) provide personal assistance in senior communities and provide direct personal care services to residents but they may not be certified CNAs. Depending on the state, this position is also available in some nursing facilities.

Resident Care Plan
Resident Care Plan is a written plan of care for nursing facility residents developed by an interdisciplinary team that specifies measurable objectives and timetables for services to be provided to meet a resident’s medical, nursing, mental and psychosocial needs.

Resident Council
Resident Council is a group of residents who meet to discuss concerns and support the staff in efforts to improve care and to make life in the facility or community the best it can be. Staff members may or may not be involved in family councils. Under the law, families of nursing home and assisted living residents have the right to meet independently as a group; these facilities may have a family council, comprised of family members or friends to address the same needs. Resident Council is independently led by a group of residents who discuss concerns and arrange for activities. In nursing homes, staff members provide support to resident councils.

Resident
Resident is someone who lives in a long-term care facility, such as a nursing home or assisted living community.

Residential Care Facilities
Residential Care Facilities refer to group living arrangements that are designed to meet the needs of people who cannot live independently but do not require nursing facility services. These homes offer a wider range of services than independent living options. Most provide help with some of the activities of daily living. In some cases, private long-term care insurance and medical assistance programs will help pay for this type of service. Residential homes or facilities that offer personal care and individual attention for older adults, people with disabilities and others whose limitations prevent them from living alone. Adult residential care homes generally provide a room, meals and supervision; and may specialize in specific needs such as Alzheimer’s disease or developmental disabilities. Depending on the State, these homes may be unlicensed. See also Assisted Living)

Resource & Support
Resources & Support for Caregiving on this website contains links to organizations that provide resources, support groups and networks to help individuals better manage physical and mental stress of caregiving. This topic also contains links to government and non-profit agencies that provide financial assistance, advocacy and support for family caregivers.

Respiratory Therapy
Respiratory Therapy consists of exercises and/or treatments that are designed to help patients regain lung function. Assists patients with breathing difficulties to reduce fatigue and increase tolerance in performing daily activities.

Respite Care
Respite Care is short term relief for family caregivers to take a break from the caregiving responsibilities, including: housing, home care, or financial assistance. Respite services can be provided daily through an Adult Day Program, in-home assistance, a short nursing home stay or for a longer period that allows the family caregiver to go on vacation or a business trip. Longer duration respite care is generally found at select senior housing communities although some Companion services may provide this service in the home. Respite care is also used while transitioning persons from in-patient hospital stay to home.

Restaurant-Style Dining
Restaurant-style dining is a dining service with resident selections available from a menu of choices, often seating times are not pre-determined.

Restorative Therapy
Restorative Therapy services that are performed with a reasonable expectation that the individual’s function will improve significantly in a reasonable and predictable period of time, based upon an assessment of the individual’s restoration potential made by a physician or mid-level practitioner in consultation with the licensed therapist. Therapy services are not restorative therapy if the individual’s expected restoration potential would be insignificant in relation to the extent and duration of services required. Therapy services are no longer restorative therapy if at any time after commencement of treatment, it is determined that the reasonable expectation of significant improvement in function will not materialize.

Retirement Communities
Retirement Communities provide shelter and support services to older adults who are nearly or totally independent. The level of services may include housekeeping, meal preparation, recreational and social activities, and transportation. Communities are in apartment, town house, or condominium settings. Provides minimal or no assistance with health care, and does not increase care as needs arise. May require a buy-in or entrance fee.

Retiring Abroad
Retiring Abroad includes housing options in foreign countries that cater to retirees who desire low maintenance; some developments may provide hospitality services or amenities.

Reverse Mortgage
A type of loan where an individual borrows against the value of their home and does not have to pay back the principal until he/she sells the home or leaves the home permanently.

Reverse Mortgages
Reverse Mortgages are for older adults who are 62 and over and they wish to remain in their own home but access the equity in the home. With the Reverse Mortgage the older adult can have monthly income or a lump sum payment and remain in the home and retain ownership. Repayment is not due until the borrower sells, moves, or dies.

Roth IRA
Roth IRA is a nondeductible individual retirement account, similar, yet with several significant differences, to the traditional IRA. These include eligibility and distribution differences.

RVs & Camping
RVs and Camping include locations to rent or purchase campers or equipment, and resources to help research, plan, and reserve your next destination.

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Search Engines
Search Engines are websites designed to search for information on the World Wide Web. Information may consist of web pages, images and other types of files.

Section 8
Section 8 is a federally funded housing subsidy program that provides low-income families the opportunity to choose and lease safe, decent and affordable privately owned rental housing by supplementing what they could afford on their own. Public Housing Authorities across the country apply to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) for Section 8 funds, which are then provided to eligible families in accordance with HUD rules and regulations. There is often a wait list for these funds and rental units.

Security Deposit
Security Deposit is paid when renting an apartment that protects the landlord for excessive damages and repairs to the unit when the lease is up. At the end of the lease the landlord may also use the funds to offset any amounts owed under the lease agreement. Any remaining amount is refunded to the tenant. The landlord must notify the tenant within a defined period of time at the end of the lease any amount being withheld for damages. The balance must be refunded to the tenant within a defined period of time.

Senior Apartment
Age-restricted, multi-unit housing for older adults who are able to care for themselves, similar to Independent Living. Usually no additional services such as meals or transportation are provided.
Multifamily residential rental properties restricted to adults at least 55 years of age. These properties don’t have central kitchen facilities and generally don’t provide meals to residents, but may offer community rooms, social activities and other amenities. May include: low-income, affordable or subsidized housing.

Senior Centers
Senior centers are community-based organizations that provide programs and socialization for older adults at a central location. Programs vary between centers and may include social activities, computer resources, transportation, fitness programs, organized trips and presentations from local experts on subjects important to older adults. Some locations may offer meal programs and referrals for services needed by older adults. Geographically-based local centers for senior individuals focused on providing social activity and informational support for local seniors. Often provide some level of congregate meal programs.

Senior Housing Options
Senior Housing spans numerous options for seniors, typically dependent on an elder’s physical level of activity, level of mobility, state of mind, etc. Most commonly referred to options are: Retirement Communities, Active Adult, Independent Living, Assisted Living, Alternate Family Care, Dementia Facilities, Nursing Homes and Hospice. Various types of temporary senior housing, such as: Adult Day Care and Rehab Centers offer alternative solutions to specific situations and needs.

Senior Organizations & Services
Senior Organizations on this website are non-profit, government and community groups that offer resources, information and other interest-based services to older adults.

Senior Ride Program
Senior Ride Program is a service that provides transportation for aging adults no longer capable of driving themselves.

Senior scams
Senior Scams are illegitimate offers or opportunities that take advantage of seniors and attempt to steal assets.

Shopping & Retail
Shopping & Retail includes shopping resources organized by topic such as apparel, coupons, e-gifts, electronics, greeting cards, hardware and home improvement, health and beauty, home furnishings and sporting goods. The Internet is a great way to see what is available outside your local community.

Skilled Nursing Care
Skilled Nursing Care is medical care, nursing and rehabilitative care which must be furnished under direct supervision of licensed nursing personnel and the general direction of a physician. Services include the assessment, observation and management of a treatment plan as well as direct services to a patient. Examples are: medication assistance, wound care, IV therapy, etc. Home health agencies and housing communities that provide this service are required to be licensed by the State.

Skilled Nursing Facility (SNF) or Nursing Homes
Skilled Nursing Facility (SNF) or Nursing Homes are State-licensed facilities that provide a safe, therapeutic environment for individuals who require rehabilitative care or can no longer live independently due to functional or cognitive impairment. Nursing Homes offer 24-hour skilled nursing care and medical services by registered nurses and support professionals. This is the highest level of care that can be provided that is not hospitalization. Additionally, nursing facilities offer residents planned social, recreational and spiritual activities. These senior communities care for individuals who have needs that are beyond the scope of an assisted living community or board and care home. In many cases, these properties are licensed for Medicare and possibly Medicaid reimbursement. Also known as skilled nursing facilities

Sliding Scale Services
Sliding Scale Services are services with fees set according to an individual’s ability to pay, some times income must be verified. Volunteers may perform the work.

Social Groups
Social Groups are organizations that provide an opportunity for individuals to gather, share and socialize, with a unifying theme or purpose.

Social Security
Social Security is a national social insurance program administer by the Social Security Administration of the United States government. It provides not only retirement programs for US citizens but also family benefits for disability, survivorship, and death. The program is administered through state, local and national offices. Social Security refers to the Federal Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance program; now amended to encompass several social welfare or social insurance programs.

Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI)
Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) is an extension of Medicare coverage that provides cash disability benefits for those who qualify. It is a payroll tax-funded, federal insurance program of the US government. SSDI is managed by the Social Security Administration and designed to provide income to those unable to work due to disability. SSDI is intended to be provided until their condition improves, and is intended to guarantee income if the individual’s condition does not improve.

Social worker
Social Workers offer patients, residents and their families therapy, support services and planning for discharge. Social workers may also teach and counsel staff members.

Special Needs Trust or Supplemental Needs Trust
Special Needs Trust or Supplemental Needs Trust is an irrevocable trust created for a disabled beneficiary and intended to supplement government benefits. The beneficiary cannot control trust distributions.

Speech Language Pathologist
Speech Language Pathologist tests, diagnoses and treats people with speech and swallowing problems.

Speech Therapy
Speech Therapy is individual or group therapy sessions that help an individual overcome communication conditions such as aphasia, swallowing difficulties, and voice disorders. Physical exercises designed to improve muscle strength and speech practice to improve clarity are two examples of speech therapy techniques. Medicare may cover some of the costs of speech therapy after client meets certain requirements.

Spend Down
Spend Down is a requirement that an individual use up most of his or her own income to meet Medicaid eligibility requirements.

Sporting Goods
Sporting Goods are products for athletics, sports, hunting, and fishing; and also include outdoor clothing and supplies.

Staff to Resident Ratio
Staff to Resident Ratio compares the number of staff members to the number of residents.

State Health Insurance Assistance Program (SHIP)
A State program funded by the federal government to give free one-on-one insurance counseling and assistance to people with Medicare and their families. The name for this program may vary from state to state.

State Pharmacy Assistance Program (SPAP)
A state-run program, separate from Medicaid, that provides drug coverage and may coordinate that coverage with Medicare prescription drug plans for maximum saving to eligible residents.

Stroke
Stroke is an interruption of blood flow to the brain causing paralysis, slurred speech and/or altered brain function. It may be caused by a blood clot or mass of undissolved matter in the blood blocking circulation or by bleeding into brain tissue causing tissue damage. A stroke can happen when a blood vessel carrying blood to the brain is blocked by a blood clot. This is called an ischemic stroke. A hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a blood vessel breaks open due to trauma or an aneurysm ruptures causing blood to leak into the brain.

Studio
Studio is a small apartment where the bedroom and living area is combined. There is usually a galley kitchen and private bath.

Sub Acute Care
Sub Acute is Care that is necessary due to a condition or illness that is not severe enough to be acute and is not chronic. Specialized units are often in a distinct part of a nursing facility. A level of care designed for the individual who has had an acute event as a result of an illness and is in need of skilled nursing, intensive rehabilitation, complex wound care and post-surgical recovery or rehabilitation but does not need the intensive diagnostic or invasive procedures of a hospital.

Subsidized Housing
Subsidized housing is federally funded housing that provides low-income individuals and families the opportunity to rent safe, decent and affordable privately owned rental housing by supplementing what they could afford on their own. The rent is reduced based on a person’s income. Examples include: housing authority offices where applications are processed, low-income senior apartments, section 8 housing, HUD housing, etc.

Substance Abuse
Substance Abuse is treated with inpatient or outpatient services through counseling and medical help. Organizations may lso offer advocacy and support for families. Counseling may be provided for persons who need help due to the misuse of medications, alcohol, certain drugs, and other toxins. Substance abuse treatment may be offered in an inpatient or out-patient setting.

Sundown Syndrome
Sundown Syndrome, also known as Sundowning or Sundowner’s, is an ailment that causes symptoms of increased confusion later in the day near sundown. These symptoms appear in people who suffer from Alzheimer’s disease or other forms of dementia. Not all patients who suffer from dementia or Alzheimer’s exhibit Sundowner’s symptoms, however. Conversely, some people exhibit symptoms of dementia all day, which grow worse in the late afternoon and evening, while others may exhibit no symptoms at all until the sun goes down.

Supplemental Insurance
Supplemental Insurance policies provide coverage for services not covered by Medicare. Organizations may provide assistance understanding policies, medigap insurance, etc.

Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
A federal program that pays monthly checks to people in need who are 65 years or older or who are blind or otherwise disabled. The purpose of the program is to provide sufficient resources so that any one who is 65 or older, blind or otherwise disabled can have a basic monthly income. Eligibility is based on income and assets.

Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
Supplemental Security Income (SSI) is a monthly stipend provided to those 65 or older or disabled persons based on need, paid by the US Government. The program is administered by the Social Security Administration, but Payments are made from the US Treasury general funds and not the Social Security trust funds. The payments are generally paid on the 1st of the month, for the current month (as opposed to social security benefits which are paid for the prior month). It is designed to help aged, blind, and disabled people, who have little or no income; and it provides cash to meet basic needs for food, clothing and shelter

Support Group
Support Group is a facilitated gathering of caregivers, family, friends or others affected by a disease or condition for the purpose of discussing issues related to the disease. Meetings may be open to the family members and friends of individuals suffering from Disease, or may be open only to those afflicted. Support Groups may or may not be facilitated by a professional. The purpose of these meetings is to enhance the health, happiness, and comfort of caregivers, family or. These support groups indirectly benefit sufferers of a Disease by providing their caregivers with information and emotional/social support.

Supportive Services
Supportive Services are programs that are designed to enable individuals to socialize and reduce personal isolation.

Survey
Survey by the state health department is an annual unannounced survey of each nursing home and other licensed facility once a year. This survey helps make sure a facility is giving good care. A facilities must participate to keep its license. Each facility has to post its latest survey results. These required surveys differ from the surveys of the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) that a nursing home may request (see Accredited facility).

T

Tax Advise and Preparation
Tax Advise and Preparation include resources on tax laws and regulations, tax planning and preparation, tax payor advocacy, tax reduction, and more.

Tax Credit Information
Tax Credit Information includes information on how to locate tax credit resources for older adults. Property owners and investors provide quality rental units to low-income tenants at fixed below market rate rentals. Tenants must meet income eligibility requirements to qualify for residency in the building.

Tax Qualified
The tax deductibility of long-term care insurance premiums depending upon meeting the federal government’s threshold of personal adjusted gross income.

Telephone Reassurance
Telephone Reassurance is regular, pre-scheduled calls to individuals who live alone as a routine safety check and to reduce loneliness.

Tenant
Tenant is someone who pays rent to use land or a building or apartment that is owned by someone else. A tenant is also know as a lesee.

Terminal
Terminal is a term to define an illness, disease or injury where recovery is no longer reasonably expected.

Testator
Testator is the person who creates a will.

Therapy Services
Therapy Services are rehabilitative services following illness or injury to restore function, including: occupational, physical, respiratory and speech therapy on an inpatient or outpatient basis.

Total Drug Costs
Total Drug Costs is the total amount paid for your medicines. It includes what you pay and also the Medicare or the insurance company payment.

Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) is administered through a large vein in the body because of its high concentration of ingredients. Individuals who are unable to eat or who do not receive enough calories, essential vitamins and minerals from eating can receive enough nutrients from TPN to maintain their weight. This type of nutrition requires a doctor’s order.

Tours
Tours are planned trips usually with a guide that focus on a common theme or event, such as golfing, history, archeology, geology, or eco tourism.

Transfer Devices
Lifts, seat lift chairs, transfer boards and other devices which help individuals who have physical disabilities move into and out of their vehicles, wheelchairs and other mobility systems.

Transferring
Transferring is the ability to move in or out of a chair, bed or wheelchair. This is considered one of the activities of daily living.

Transportation
Transportation services are provided by state transportation programs, non-profit and for-profit organizations. Modes of transportation can include public buses and light rail trains, ambulance services for medical transport, for hire taxi services, companies providing errand services for older adults, state transportation programs for persons with disabilities. There are also programs that are reduced fee or income qualifying for older adults. On this website, Vehicle Modification may also be found here.

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) usually the result of a sudden, violent blow to the head causing collision between the brain and the skull. The skull itself can often withstand a forceful external impact without fracturing. The result is an injured brain inside an intact skull , also known as a closed-head injury.

Travel Accommodations
Travel Accommodations include overnight to extended stay locations for use during travel, including bed and breakfast, hostels, hotels, home exchange programs and more.

Travel Companions
Travel Companion services are offered by individuals and companies that specialize in accompanying individuals either for companionship or medical support.

Travel Destinations – US
Travel Destinations – United States highlights the attractions here in our backyard and the unbelievable beauty and awe in every state.

Travel Destinations – Worldwide
Travel Destinations – Worldwide highlights the attractions abroad and provides resources for education, research and information for better planning.

Travel Planning
Travel Planning includes agency services and Internet reservation sites that provide assistance in planning trips or provide assistance with traveling with special conditions.

Travel Resources and Services
Travel Resources and Services include information on travel within the United States and Abroad.

Treatment Withdrawal
Treatment Withdrawal might occur when a medication that has been used regularly to treat pain is no longer used, or when the dose is decreased. Showing symptoms of withdrawal does not mean that a patient is addicted to his/her pain medication.

Trigeminal Neuralgia
Trigeminal Neuralgia is a disorder of the trigeminal nerve that causes brief attacks of severe pain in the lips, cheeks, gums, or chin on one side of the face.

U

Unit
Unit is another term for an apartment. It can refer to any size apartment.

Universal Design
Universal Design makes products or buildings usable by people with disabilities to the greatest possible extent.

Urostomy Pouch
Urostomy Pouch t is worn to collect urine if a patient has had a urostomy. This is a surgery done to create an opening in the abdomen that urine passes through. This is performed when a bladder has to be removed or isn’t functioning properly.

Utilities Assistance
Utilities Assistance programs provide financial assistance to help pay for or reduce utility bills, such as gas and electric, water, telephone, etc. These programs offer discounted utility services, provide disconnection protection, arrange for notification regarding pending disconnection, or make available special services such as large print utility bills which support the ability to make payments. Examples include the low-income energy assistance program, weatherization program for income eligible people, etc.

V

VA Benefits
VA Benefits are services or monetary credits allowed to veterans for housing and care.

Vehicle Modification
Vehicle Modification adapts a car or van for to improve accessibility to enable people with disabilities to continue driving. These include hand-controlled gas and braking devices and lifts. Also includes the installation of wheelchair lifts for transporting passengers in wheelchairs.

Ventilator
Ventilator, also known as a respirator, is a machine that pushes air into the lungs through a tube placed in the trachea. Ventilators are used when a person cannot breathe on his or her own or cannot breathe effectively enough to provide adequate oxygen to the cells of the body or rid the body of carbon dioxide.

Veteran Services
Veteran Services are provided by the Federal Government and include veteran hospitals, support groups, help lines, veteran burial benefits and Aid and Attendance Pension Benefit to name a few.

Vision Resources & Services
Vision Resources & Services lincludes organizations that provide vision services, resources or education; some may provide services on sliding scale payment arrangements.

Volunteer Opportunities
Volunteer Opportunities are available through non-profits, government and volunteer organizations for people of all ages. Many organizations desire older adult volunteers because of their availability. Volunteer opportunities specifically aimed at older adults, such as Foster Grandparents; may include a small stipend for volunteers who meet financial or other criteria.

Volunteer Services
Volunteer Services coordinate volunteers and/or provide information about agencies, programs, or events where volunteers are needed, either on a one-time or on-going basis.

W

Walkup
Walkup is an apartment or a house with no elevator which floors have more than one unit.

Weatherization
Weatherization includes: insulation of attics, side walls, and crawlspaces; caulking; weather-stripping; sealing cracks; replacing glass; and installing other energy efficient devices.

Websites & Groovy Links
Websites & Groovy Links on this website, features a variety of websites about interesting, funny, informative and groovy subjects.

Wellness Programs
Wellness Programs are designed to educate people on healthy lifestyles and habits. Most commonly administered and presented by professionals such as chiropractors, holistic therapists, massage therapists, etc.

Wellness
Wellness is a term used to describe activities that maintain and/or improve an individual’s overall health and well-being including feeling better and having more energy. Exercising, eating healthy, stopping smoking, and meditating are all examples of activities an individual can do to improve his/her overall wellness. Wellness is used to refer to complementary and alternative medicine used in treating medical conditions.

What Else
What Else includes topics that don’t fit in our other categories and are also a place to add new subjects. Current topics are charitable giving, grandparenting and research/statistics. Research and Statistics may sound dull but it is actually interesting to learn about who really is surfing the World Wide Web.